We attempt to determine the egocentric reference frame used in directing saccades to remembered targets when landmark-based (exocentric) cues are not available. Specifically, we tested whether memory-guided saccades rely on a retina-centered frame, which must account for eye movements that intervene during the memory period (thereby accumulating error) or on a head-centered representation that ...

Although telomerase activity is important in normal immune function, it is unclear whether telomerase or telomerase (dys)regulation plays a role in the pathogenic immune response in autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In this study we evaluated the dynamics of the activation-induced human Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase (hTERT) response in RA patients and non-RA controls. The e...

Development of more effective and less toxic antifungal agents is required for the treatment of fungal diseases of plants and human being. The medicinal plants and their various extracts have been used as medicines against infectious diseases and found as potent against crops as well as human pathogenic fungal stains. In this study, the antifungal activity of O. europaea (cultivated olive) leav...

Lilium candidum L. (Liliaceae), the so called “white Madonna lily”, is well known in folk medicine for the treatment of burns, ulcers, inflammations and for healing wounds. Lilium candidum L. extract contains various biologically active compounds. As the antimutagenic activity of natural compounds often correlates with antioxidant effects and contents of phytochemical substances from the flavon...

The present study tested the idea that the vis-uomotor systems mediating prehension do not have independent access to pictorial cues processed by perceptual mechanisms. Individuals with visual form agnosia, whose perceptual systems are compromised but who have intact visuomotor control, were examined to determine whether they could use pictorial scene cues to calibrate manual prehension when bi...

In present study, in vitro α-amylase inhibition and streptozotocin-induced oxidative stress were used to evaluate hypoglycemic effects of Helicteres isora (sterculiaceae). Antidiabetic treatment with of H. isora extract (100 mg/kg and 250 mg/kg body weight) for three weeks showed significant reduction in thiobarbituriuc acid reactive substances (TBRAS) and glutathione reductase (GSH-R) in both ...

The cell-cell adhesion systems are involved in neuronal cell migration, axon-bundle formation, target-cell recognition, activity-dependent plasticity of synapses, and formation of complex glial networks, which surround axons and synapses (for a review, see Redies and Takeichi, 1996). The cell-cell adhesion molecules implicated in brain function are classified into two superfamilies, the cadheri...

Drug administration via mucosal membranes, including the vaginal, has the advantage of by passing the hepatogastrointestinal first pass metabolism associated with oral administration. Metronidazole suppositories were prepared using different suppository bases viz., water soluble bases ( PEGs and gelatin ) emulsion and fatty bases. The physicochemical properties of most of the prepared MTZ suppo...

The wastewater generated from pharmaceutical industry generally contain high organic load and the treatment is primarily carried out using two major types of biological methods; aerobic and anaerobic. However, due to high strength, it is infeasible to treat some pharmaceutical wastewater using aerobic biological processes. As an alternative, an anaerobic process is preferred to remove high stre...

A total of 196 schools participated in the Tier 1 Program (Secondary 2 curriculum) of the Project P.A.T.H.S. in Hong Kong. After the completion of the program, 1,178 instructors completed a subjective outcome evaluation form to assess their views of the program, instructors and perceived effectiveness of the program. Results showed that high proportions of the instructors had positive perceptio...