Most of the customer outages are the results of some problems related to distribution systems. Prolonged outages may cause cold load pickup problems because of the increased penetration of thermostaticallycontrolled devices and the loss of diversity among these devices. Since loads higher than normal may be expected after prolonged outages, restoration problems may occur when there is not enoug...

Introduction: The multi-valued logic (MVL) is an alternative to common binary logic. The arithmetic operations can be performed more efficiently, and faster, by increasing the radix of the system or the number of levels used, at the expense of reduced noise margin. Thus, it suffers from noise and parameter variations. Since the variations at each stage are added up, it is unavoidable to restore...

A properly fabricated provisional restoration is important in achieving a successful indirect restoration. The importance of provisional restorations as an integral part of fixed prosthodontic treatment is evident from the abundance of the literature pertaining to their importance regarding margin fidelity, function, occlusion, and esthetics. There are a variety of techniques available to suit ...

In the maxillary anterior region, the gingival labial margin position is an important parameter in the achievement of an ideal smile. The relationship between the periodontium and the restoration is critical if gingival health and esthetics are to be achieved. Periodontal therapy is a necessary and useful adjunct when any anterior restoration is undertaken. Anterior surgical crown lengthening m...

This study was carried out to determine the design and thickness of the cervical margin of a castable ceramic restoration from the point of view of its castability. Castability of castable ceramics was lower compared to Ag-Pd-Au and Co-Cr alloy with the use of the mesh pattern and rod pattern test (p < 0.05). It was more dependent on the pattern thickness than alloys (p < 0.05), and perfect rep...

The restoration of endodontic tooth is always a challenge for the clinician, not only due to excessive loss of tooth structure but also invasion of the biological width due to large decayed lesions. In this paper, the 7 most common clinical scenarios in molars with class II lesions ever deeper were examined. This includes both the type of restoration (direct or indirect) and the management of t...

Immediate implant placement in a single staged approach, with or without provisionalization, can be advantageous in preserving gingival anatomy around dental implants. However, placing implants immediately in the changing alveolar bone of an extraction socket may result in progressive recession of the gingival labial margin over the implant restoration. This negative outcome may be overcome wit...