Background and Objectives: Retinoblastoma is the most common intraocular pediatric malignancy. Angiogenic factor expression such as VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) in retinoblastoma can be confirmatory angiogenic potential of this tumor. This study was performed to determine the role of angiogenesis in local invasion of retinoblastoma and its correlation with patients’ sur...

Retinoblastoma is a common primary intraocular malignant tumor that affects infants and young children. Radiation therapy for hereditary retinoblastoma increases the risk of secondary malignancy. The present report discusses case survivor who developed leiomyosarcoma 42 years after receiving radiation therapy. patient was unilateral, had no family history disease. RNA DNA panel sequencing tissu...

retinoblastoma is the most common intraocular neoplasm in children. glial tumor of the retina and optic nerve head are considered to be congenital and are therefore classified as hamartomas. concurrent occurrence of these tumors in one eye is uncommon and by reviewing the studies, a few cases have been reported. we report a 9 years old boy with eye enucleation and concurrent occurrence of retin...

Retinoblastoma is the most common intraocular malignancy. Its incidence has been reported to be 1 case in from 15 000 18 live births, or approximately 12, 6, 4 cases per million children younger than 5, 10, years, respectively.1,2 The aim of this study was estimate retinoblastoma across European countries within a 1-year time frame. Data were collected through an international, multicenter, cro...

conclusions intra-ophthalmic artery melphalan is an effective treatment for advanced cases of retinoblastoma, with a reasonable level of success. in the short follow up period of this study, it appears that the primary cases showed better results in the control of tumor. background the management of retinoblastoma remains a challenge to the multidisciplinary team, particularly as treatment affe...

In spite of recent advances in the treatment of retinoblastoma, chemotherapy is still challenging in high-stage intraocular retinoblastoma or metastatic retinoblastoma. Here, we investigated whether arginine deprivation via arginine deiminase (ADI) could be a new anti-tumor therapy in retinoblastoma cells. Expression of argininosuccinate synthetase (ASS) was detected in human retinoblastoma tis...

purpose : to report two cases of retinoblastomas detected by “white pupillary reflex” end-gaze leukocoria via flash photographs reported by parents case reports : retinoblastoma, a malignant ocular tumor, can be manifested by leukocoria. herein, we report two cases, a 4-year-old boy and a 5-year-old girl, presented with the parents' chief complaint of end-gaze leukocoria. in further evalua...

PURPOSE To estimate the incidence of trilateral retinoblastoma in patients with retinoblastoma. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS We searched Medline and Embase for scientific literature published between January 1966 and July 2015 that assessed trilateral retinoblastoma incidence. We used a random-effects model for the statistical analyses. RESULTS We included 23 retino...

This study analyzes modern views on the history, variants, age at diagnosis of trilateral retinoblastoma, median time from retinoblastoma to trilateral retinoblastoma, the largest size and percentage of trilateral retinoblastoma among retinoblastoma cases, functions of pineal gland, genetics, ocular and intracranial histology, diagnosis, treatment, therapy results, survival rates and frequency ...

background and objectives: retinoblastoma is the most common intraocular pediatric malignancy. angiogenic factor expression such as vegf (vascular endothelial growth factor) in retinoblastoma can be confirmatory angiogenic potential of this tumor. this study was performed to determine the role of angiogenesis in local invasion of retinoblastoma and its correlation with patients’ survival. mater...