Iran, possessing unique topographic and diverse climatic conditions, is the home of 8167 vascular plant species. Iran has a historical tradition in using plants for medicinal purposes. Approximately 2075 species over whole are popularly characterized as or aromatic. Medicinal trees shrubs compose significant percentage Iranian flora. Nonetheless, there no integrated databases on their applicati...

The fungal pathogen Cronartium ribicola J.C. Fischer, causal agent of white pine blister rust (WPBR), was introduced to the eastern United States about 1898 (11). Hosts for the fungus include fiveneedle pines (Pinus sp. section Quinquefoliae) and currants and gooseberries (Ribes sp.). Natural infection of wild populations of Pedicularis bracteosa Benth and Castilleja Mutis ex L.f. have also bee...

In English-to-Japanese translation, BLEU (Papineni et al., 2002), the de facto standard evaluation metric for machine translation (MT), has very weak correlation with human judgments (Goto et al., 2011; Goto et al., 2013). Therefore, RIBES (Isozaki et al., 2010; Hirao et al., 2014) was proposed. RIBES measures similarity of the word order of a machine-translated sentence and that of a correspon...

Embelia ribes Burm F. is large scandent shrub, disturbed throughout India and belongs to the family Myrsinacae. It is commonly known as false black pepper or Vidanga. E. ribes grows in semievergreen and deciduous forests at an altitude of 1,500m found in central and lower Himalayas, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bengal, Orissa, Andhra Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh throughout India. Embelia ribes has b...

Scrambling is acceptable reordering of verb arguments in languages such as Japanese and German. In automatic evaluation of translation quality, BLEU is the de facto standard method, but BLEU has only very weak correlation with human judgements in case of Japanese-toEnglish/English-to-Japanese translations. Therefore, alternative methods, IMPACT and RIBES, were proposed and they have shown much ...

Fruit from black, red and white currants, and gooseberries (Ribes L.) were grown commercially in North America at the beginning of the 20th Century. However, when white pine blister rust (WPBR) (Cronartium ribicola J. C. Fisch.) was introduced into the new world, their cultivation was discontinued. About 825,000 t (908,000 tons) of Ribes fruit are produced worldwide, almost entirely in Europe. ...

Antifungal activity of Embelia ribes was evaluated on eight different fungal species by employing various concentrations of seed extract (0.5-2.0 mg). All the concentrations of seed extract inhibited the fungal growth, whereas maximum activity was observed at 2.0 mg concentration of seed extract. Among different doses, the diameter of inhibition zones ranged from 9 to 18 mm in various fungal sp...