Anatomical variations in the femoral vein are of great clinical importance especially in cases of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Knowledge of the variable anatomy of the femoral vein is important to minimise false-negative findings on ultrasound examination in patients with DVT and help to explain the 'silent' DVT. Furthermore, the presence of a duplicated femoral vein itself is associated with hi...

Introduction Catheter ablation is usually performed via femoral vein and inferior vena cava to the right heart. For some reason, it may be difficult or unsuccessful when the inferior venous access is obstructed or lacking. We present a case of typical atrial flutter (AFL) in a patient with a history of endocardial cushion defect repair. The AFL was successfully ablated through the right subclav...

A 79-year-old woman was admitted to our intensive care unit (ICU) because of end-stage heart failure accompanied by respiratory insufficiency. On the seventh day, routine radiography revealed a “bow-tie” knot near the distal end of an SGC that had been inserted through the right subclavian vein. We were able to pull the knot back into the subclavian vein, but attempts to undo the knot and remov...

Arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) are potentially harmful but curable complications of diagnostic and interventional cardiac catheterizations. In this report, we present a case of iatrogenic AVF both from superficial and deep femoral arteries to common femoral vein leading to progressively developing severe right-sided heart failure in a patient who had two normally functioning mechanical valves at...

BACKGROUND Catheter ablation has been established as a curative treatment strategy for ventricular arrhythmias. The standard procedure of most ventricular arrhythmias originating from the right ventricle is performed via the femoral vein. However, a femoral vein access may not achieve a successful ablation in some patients. CASE PRESENTATION We reported a case of a 29-year old patient with sy...

This study was done to identify the normal and variants of saphenous tributaries in Korean adults. The pattern of confluence of saphenous tributaries, medial accessory saphenous, lateral accessory saphenous, superficial epigastric, superficial circumflex iliac and superficial external pudendal veins, was carefully examined in 249 lower limbs (right, 129; left, 120) of embalmed Korean cadavers (...

This case study reports the diagnosis and treatment of a lower limb venous ulcer with abnormal underlying venous pathology. One male patient presented with bilateral varicose veins and a right lower limb ulcer. Upon investigation, full-leg duplex ultrasonography revealed total incompetence of the great saphenous vein in the left leg. In the right leg, duplex ultrasonography showed proximal inco...

double-j (dj) stents are the main tools used in urological practice for prevention and treatment of obstruction. stenting is also mandatory after complicated ureteroscopy or tul (transureteral lithotripsy). known complications are upper migration of dj stents into the kidney and lower migration to the bladder. in a man with an impacted right lower ureteral stone, a dj stent was placed because t...

A 28-year-old German-Caucasian man arrived with deep vein thrombosis DVT, pain, oedema and rubor of right lower limb and drug abuse. The US Doppler imaging showed an autogenic AV fistula and false aneurysm of the right superficial femoral artery and femoral vein. The CT imaging showed additional closing of the left external iliac artery and common femoral artery, and of the distal and middle pa...

A 42-year-old woman with a history of breast cancer and hepatic metastatic disease underwent insertion of an implantable venous access catheter into the right subclavian vein (Seldinger technique). After eight months of treatment it was decided to remove the catheter due to reported possible thrombosis and obstruction. The patient was totally asymptomatic. A preoperative chest X-ray was consist...