Automobile hull insurance has attracted much attention due to the high rate of vehicle applications in daily lives. Since purchasing these policies is optional in Iran and their premium rates are set competitively, a competition is formed among the insurance companies for attracting low risk drivers. However, most of the insurers still use comparative rates and pay no or less attention to the f...

The study investigates consumers’ preference for cowpea reflected in the Nigerian markets through price discounts and premiums that consumers pay for different cowpea characteristics. The price data used for this study were obtained through a market survey. A common data collection protocol was employed. Every month, between October 2009 to December 2010, five cowpea samples per seller were bou...

We consider the risk premium π demanded by a decision maker with present wealth x in order to be indifferent between obtaining a new level of wealth y1 with certainty, or to participate in a lottery which either results in unchanged wealth x or a level of wealth y2 > y1. We then define the relative risk premium λ as the quotient between π and the increase in wealth y1−x which the decision maker...

This article provides an overview of compliance carbon markets that trade emission allowances and analyzes the properties as investable asset class. The authors discuss how local supply demand factors determine allowance prices, focusing on abatement costs policy adjustments. They then construct a novel total-return time series for four liquid develop equally-weighted Carbon Composite. found in...

I nvestors and market analysts generally believe that the yield on a nominal bond includes an inflation risk premium to compensate investors for bearing the inflation risk associated with the bond. Knowing how much of a risk premium investors require on nominal bonds can be valuable information for policymakers. For government Treasuries, the size of the risk premium represents the potential in...

We uncover significant effects of jump risk on conditional equity premium. Realized volatility due to negative or “bad” (positive or “good”) jumps in stock market prices predicts a rising (falling) near-term equity premium. The forecasting power of signed jump risk measures remains statistically significant even when we control for variance risk premium that Drechsler and Yaron (2011) attribute...

Capacity of garden productions in Iran is such that is accounted as a country that produces thirteen garden products in the world but despite excellent condition in Iran for producing garden products, natural disasters damage production of fruits in the country therefore farmers incur a loss. Pistachio tree has been in danger of destruction and dryness. Thus, in order to reduce loss incurred on...

capacity of garden productions in iran is such that is accounted as a country that produces thirteen garden products in the world but despite excellent condition in iran for producing garden products, natural disasters damage production of fruits in the country therefore farmers incur a loss. pistachio tree has been in danger of destruction and dryness. thus, in order to reduce loss incurred on...