We analyze how termination charges affect retail prices when taking into account that receivers derive some utility from a call and when firms may charge consumers for receiving calls. We assume that consumers form expectations about network sizes in a passive, but ex-post rational way. We show that RPP enlarges the set of equilibria compared to CPP. For a given termination charge and inelastic...

High-performance Placement and Routing for the Nanometer Scale

the ever severe dynamic competitive environment has led to increasing complexity of strategic decision making in giant organizations. strategy formulation is one of basic processes in achieving long range goals. since, in ordinary methods considering all factors and their significance in accomplishing individual goals are almost impossible. here, a new approach based on clustering method is pro...

In this paper, we consider the statistical decision processes behind a linear and a differential cryptanalysis. By applying techniques and concepts of statistical hypothesis testing, we describe precisely the shape of optimal linear and differential distinguishers and we improve known results of Vaudenay concerning their asymptotic behaviour. Furthermore, we formalize the concept of “sequential...

number tags, discriminative responding would be maintained in shift. After the initial shift, Group BA was shifted to the series RRN and NRRN, in which pellets were used as the reinforcer. Finally, confinement time on R trials was decreased from 15 s to 7 s.

Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell’Innovazione, Universit a degli Studi di Lecce, Lecce 73100, Italy Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informatica e Sistemistica, Universit a degli Studi della Calabria, Rende (CS) 87030, Italy Dipartimento di Economia e Statistica, Universit a degli Studi della Calabria, Rende (CS) 87030, Italy Dipartimento di Matematica, Universit a degli Studi di Lecce, Lecce 73100, ...

the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of hepatitis b virus (hbv) genotypes in isparta, southwest of turkey, as well as the clinical features and transmission route for patients with hbv infections. methods: patients (n = 135) with hbv infection were included in the study. epidemiological and clinical data were obtained. hbv genotypes were determined with a pres2 epitope elisa ...

background: the intraperitoneal injection is a common method for establishing the experimental animal model infected with parasites. the aim of this study was to investigate if the intraperitoneal injection was another route of trichinella spiralis infection. methods:  from june to july 2015, twenty balb/c mice were intraperitoneally injected with 300 t. spiralis muscle larvae in department of ...

In conformant probabilistic planning (CPP), we are given a set of actions with stochastic effects, a distribution over initial states, a goal condition, and a value 0 < p ≤ 1. Our task is to find a plan π such that the probability that the goal condition holds following the execution of π in the initial state is at least p. In this paper we focus on the problem of CPP with deterministic actions...