Pacing strategy has been investigated in elite 100 km and elite 161 km (100 mile) ultra-marathoners, but not in age group ultra-marathoners. This study investigated changes in running speed over segments in male elite and age group 100 km ultra-marathoners with the assumption that running speed would decrease over segments with increasing age of the athlete. Running speed during segments in mal...

Examples of animals that switch activity times between nocturnality and diurnality in nature are relatively infrequent. Furthermore, the mechanism for switching activity time is not clear: does a complete inversion of the circadian system occur in conjunction with activity pattern? Are there switching centers downstream from the internal clock that interpret the clock differently? Or does the s...

where the definition of Cl( * , . , ) is obvious from above. We note that C depends explicitly on XI that contradicts the analysis in the paper’. Hence, the test which minimizes .J+, is not necessarily an LRT. For the n-stage problem ( n 2 2) , it is easily seen that p.b.p.0. local strategies at time n alone are LRT’s in general. Also, if we restrict the local decisions made by each sensor to d...

BACKGROUND Endurance running performance of African (AF) and non-African (NAF) athletes is investigated, with better performances seen for Africans. To date, no study has compared the age of peak performance between AF and NAF runners. The present research is an analysis of the age and running performance of top AF and NAF athletes, using the hypothesis that AF athletes were younger and faster ...

OBJECTIVE : To investigate the slope influence on the maximal subtalar pronation in submaximal running speeds. METHODS : Sixteen endurance runners participated of a running economy (RE) test in a treadmill with different slopes (+1%, +5%, +10%, +15%). For each slope a 4-minute run was performed with no rest break for the purpose of measuring the magnitude of kinematic variables by means of a ...

In the inflationary scenario of loop quantum cosmology in the presence of inverse-volume corrections, we give analytic formulas for the power spectra of scalar and tensor perturbations convenient to compare with observations. Since inverse-volume corrections can provide strong contributions to the running spectral indices, inclusion of terms higher than the second-order runnings in the power sp...

We study the finely tuned SSM, recently proposed by Arkani-Hamed and Dimopoulos, at the one loop level. The runnings of the four gaugino Yukawa couplings, the µ term, the gaugino masses, and the Higgs quartic coupling are computed. The Higgs mass is found to be 130 – 170 GeV for M s > 10 6 GeV. If the Yukawa coupling constants are measured at the 1% level, this can determine the SUSY breaking s...