The goal of hyptensive anesthesia is the safe reduction of intraoperative blood loss, thus reducing transfusion risks.  Previous hypotensive technics had a narrow margin of safety in that cardiac output was usually reduced in proportion to the degree of induced hypotension. This is in contrast to the results of our study, in which Sodium Nitroprusside was used as the sole hypotensive agent. Ni...

Although several studies have investigated the effect of degradation on the behavior of structures, investigations on collapse margin ratios are rare in the literature. In this study, the effect of strength and stiffness degradation on collapse capacity of steel moment frames is investigated. The aim is to determine margin of safety against collapse using a probabilistic approach. For this reas...

Eight subjects with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) (47.13 ± 7.83 years) and 8 matched controls (46.29 ± 7.27 years) manipulated a test object fitted with an accelerometer and force sensor, both before and after hand muscle fatigue. Grip force and object acceleration were recorded and used to calculate grip force control variables that included Grip Force Peak, Safety Margin, and Time to Grip Forc...

To reduce the risk of slip, grip force (GF) control includes a safety margin above the force level ordinarily sufficient for the expected load force (LF) dynamics. The current view is that this safety margin is based on the expected LF dynamics, amounting to a static safety factor like that often used in engineering design. More efficient control could be achieved, however, if the motor system ...

The decrease of “functional” endplate receptors in MG can decrease the response to the chemical transmitter acetylcholine, as well as to the depolarizing muscle relaxant succinylcholine. In contrast, the decreased “safety margin” results in a marked sensitivity to nondepolarising relaxants. In normal patients, the wide “safety margin” may explain the slow onset of nondepolarizing block, as well...

This study tested the hypothesis that subjects improve their relative stability as they learn a dynamic pulling task. Healthy adult subjects practiced making brief horizontal pulls (<300 ms) on a handle to a range of target forces ranging from 20 to 80 percent of their estimated maximum for 5 days. They were instructed to always keep their feet flat, and begin and end their motion in an upright...

A driving simulator was used to investigate the effects of simulated glare from the sun on the execution of left-turns at an intersection. The presence of glare resulted in a significant reduction in the safety margin used by drivers (by 0.65 sec on average). The effect of glare was larger for low-contrast than for highcontrast oncoming vehicles. Older drivers (45-60 years) had a significantly ...

BACKGROUND Traditionally, a safety margin of at least 10 J between the maximum output of the pulse generator and the energy needed for ventricular defibrillation has been used because lower safety margins were associated with unacceptably high rates of failed defibrillation and sudden cardiac death. The Low Energy Safety Study (LESS) was a prospective, randomized assessment of the safety margin...