Despite encryption, you can extract a fair amount of information from VoIP traffic based on variable bit rates. Previous research shows that the language and specific phrases can be identified in this manner. DiOrio’s research looks at detecting different accents based on the encoding bit rate. Preliminary results show that the average accuracy of differentiating accent pairs is 73%, with the b...

In this paper, the relationship between the thermodynamic and historical arrows of time is studied. In the context of a simple combinatorial model, their definitions are made more precise and in particular strong versions (which are not compatible with time symmetric microscopic laws) and weak versions (which can be compatible with time symmetric microscopic laws) are given. This is part of a l...

We study the problem of knowledge reuse by a reinforcement learning agent. We are interested in how an agent can exploit policies that were learned in the past to learn a new task more efficiently in the present. Our approach is to elicit spatial hints from an expert suggesting the world states in which each existing policy should be more relevant to the new task. By using these hints with doma...

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the differences that immigrants have in the Spanish labour market. Immigrants in Spain come from a diversity of continents (Africa, South America, Eastern Europe, Asia, etc.), and there are substantial differences in characteristics not only among continents but also among countries in each continent. These differences are reflected in the labour market a...

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES To compare the perspectives of oncology nurses and physicians regarding online access to laboratory results for patients with cancer pre- and postimplementation, and to evaluate the impact on workload. DESIGN Pre- and postimplementation surveys distributed to nurses and physicians. In addition, a nursing workload study was conducted to measure the number of phone calls rece...

Analyzing writing styles of non-native speakers is a challenging task. In this paper, we analyze the comments written in the discussion pages of the English Wikipedia. Using learning algorithms, we are able to detect native speakers’ writing style with an accuracy of 74%. Given the diversity of the English Wikipedia users and the large number of languages they speak, we measure the similarities...

Many patients prefer to use the best hospitals even if there are one or more other hospitals closer to their homes; this behavior is called “hospital bypass behavior”. Because this behavior can be problematic in urban areas, it is important that it be reduced. In this paper, the taxi GPS data of Beijing and Suzhou were used to measure hospital bypass behavior. The “bypass behavior index” (BBI) ...

We consider a time-dependent brane configuration that corresponds to the Q-ball in the effective Lagrangian. We discuss the brane Q-balls, branonium and brane Q-ball inflation, which might have the same origin. We show the allowed parameter regions for these configurations. It is shown that the brane Q-ball looks similar to a conventional Q-ball when it is large, but its decay is dominated by t...

The present experiment investigated the development of implicit and explicit knowledge during concept learning. According to Cleeremans and Jiménez (2002), the content of a representation can be conscious only when the representation is of a sufficiently good quality; on this theory, increasing explicit and decreasing implicit knowledge might be expected with training. The view that implicit kn...