This paper examines the change in expectation among a group of small Australian firms who participate in Small Business Internet Commerce (SBIC) over a twenty-month period. Essentially, we found that small firms online believed the Internet is important in terms of competitiveness, although some of the early expectations about SBIC’s ability to generate instant competitive advantage had started...

Abstract We introduce evolutionary game method to analyze low-price collusion in inquiry market of Sci-Tech Innovation Board China (SIBC) from the perspective strategic interaction between large institutional investors (LIIs), small and medium-sized (SMIIs), supervision department (SD). The results show that behaviors SD, quotation investors, are subject conditions. Under condition benefits tou...

يعد الاحتياطي الاجنبي المرتكز الأساس لتحقيق الاستقرار والنمو الاقتصادي المرغوب فيه، لذا يحظى التنبؤ بالاحتياطي الأجنبي باهتمام السلطات النقدية وواضعي السياسة في العراق، وذلك من خلال توفير بيئة ملائمة للسياسات الاقتصادية بصورة عامة والسياسة خاصة أجل أداء مهامها بدقة وفعالية، إذ يهدف البحث إلى بالحجم المستقبلي للاحتياطي البنك المركزي العراقي لغاية عام (2025)، المفاضلة بين نماذج السلاسل الزمنية ال...

We present an image coding method explicitly designed for easy content access, i.e., content-based image retrieval. Based on a number of well-studied conventional image coding methods, namely segmentation-based image coding (SBIC), vector quantization (VQ), and a recently developed coloured pattern appearance model (CPAM), we have developed an image coding method with a compressed stream from w...

This study analyses the convergence of CO2 emissions at state-level in USA for period from 1976 to 2014 a nonlinear and novel empirical framework. In so doing, we have applied Pesaran’s (2007) test pair-wise approach testing which gives general what are rejection frequencies thus provides evidence convergence. At aggregate level, also Chi-Young et al. (2006) half-life KPSS with Fourier transfor...

‎The main purpose of this paper is to analyze the exchange rate volatility in Iran in the time period between 2011/11/27 and 2017/02/25 on a daily basis. As a tradable asset and as an important and effective economic  variable, exchange rate plays a decisive role in the economy of a country. In a successful economic management, the modeling and prediction of the exchange rate volatility is esse...

The procedure of reducing noise or reduction before analyzing the time series is important to get accurate and reliable outcomes when building models. Wavelet Shrinkage consisting wavelets with thresholding a powerful mathematical method used reduce that can be exposed. It has time-series observations selects cut-off threshold level suitable for removing most noise. In this paper, natural gas p...