In this paper, a novel scheme for video scrambling is introduced for Distributed Video Coding. The goal is to conceal video information in several applications such as video surveillance and anonymous video communications to preserve privacy. This is achieved by performing a transform domain scrambling on both Key and Wyner-Ziv frames. More specifically, the sign of the scrambled transform coef...

The scrambling scheme is a part of the conditional access system (CAS) that is used to prevent unauthorized access to Pay-TV systems. In this paper, we propose a new scrambling scheme and key distribution scheme. The scrambling scheme is used in conjunction with ordinary encryption techniques, for protecting the digital video streams from unauthorized viewing. A hash function and a pseudo-rando...

Image scrambling is used to make images visually unrecognizable such that unauthorized users have difficulty decoding the scrambled image to access the original image. This article presents two new image scrambling algorithms based on Fibonacci p-code, a parametric sequence. The first algorithm works in spatial domain and the second in frequency domain (including JPEG domain). A parameter, p, i...

Based on chaotic sequence and decomposition and recombination of pixel values, a new digital image scrambling algorithm is proposed in the paper. While scrambling image pixel values, this new algorithm is able to change the spatial position of pixel, simultaneously scrambling both position and pixel values. Experiments show that the new algorithm is larger in key space, highly efficient, sensit...

Several studies contend that the main motivation for scrambling is heaviness. In particular, Yamashita (2002) maintains that scrambling has nothing to do with givenness and that heaviness is the primary factor for scrambling. However, her conclusions count on only 19 examples and she does not distinguish VP-internal scrambling from VP-external scrambling. Thus, it is conceivable that some types...

In this paper, I address the relation between scrambling and morphological Case from an optimality-theoretic perspective. Based on empirical evidence from German, Russian, and Bulgarian, and conceptual evidence involving issues of parametrization, I give arguments against the traditional view that scrambling presupposes morphological Case. The remaining two options are (a) and (b). (a) There is...

In this thesis I explore the nature and properties of scrambling in Korean. Contrary to the widely accepted view that scrambling is truly optional, I propose that scrambling is a consequence of case-driven obligatory movement, a proposal consistent with the "last resort" condition on movement in [Chomsky 1991] and [Chomsky 1992]. I assume that scrambling is adjunction and defend this view in Ch...

Drift error is a critical issue in video scrambling which is widely used to protect privacy in surveillance video. However, how to improve video coding efficiency while preventing drift error in video scrambling has not been covered in most studies. Proposed is a prediction restricted scheme for H.264/AVC privacy protected video scrambling. Experiments show that the proposed scheme dramatically...

Scrambling transformation plays an important role in information hiding application, so offering an effective evaluation method for scrambling algorithms is becoming increasingly necessary. The paper firstly analyzed the Arnold transformation process to get some universal rules about the periodicity of scrambling process, then used the improved Intersecting Cortical Model Neural Network (ICMNN)...

This article addresses the problem that the expressive power of tree-adjoining grammars (TAGs) is too limited to deal with certain syntactic phenomena, in particular, with scrambling in freeword-order languages. The TAG variants proposed so far in order to account for scrambling are not entirely satisfying. Therefore, the article introduces an alternative extension of TAG that is based on the n...