Abstract The study presents monthly variations of seawater properties, monitoring water column stability and stratification over the southern shelf of the Caspian Sea which depends on collecting data. Field measurements were carried out during 13 cruises along the southern boundary of the sea. Spatial and temporal distributions of temperature, salinity and density were investigated. Monthl...

The land-sea surface temperature contrast on the western coast of Sumatra Island was examined using observation data obtained from the pre-Years of the Maritime Continent (YMC) field campaign from November to December 2015. Surface observations showed that, on most days, strong daytime solar radiation caused a pronounced diurnal cycle in surface air temperatures on the island, even during the l...

[1] Over the past decade, efforts to estimate temperature and sea level for the past 50 Ma have increased. In parallel, efforts to model ice sheet changes during this period have been ongoing. We review published paleodata and modeling work to provide insights into how sea level responds to changing temperature through changes in ice volume and thermal expansion. To date, the temperature to sea...

This study investigates how variations in Arctic sea ice and sea surface conditions influence δ18O of presentday Arctic precipitation. This is done using the model isoCAM3, an isotope-equipped version of the National Center for Atmospheric Research Community Atmosphere Model version 3. Four sensitivity experiments and one control simulation are performed with prescribed sea surface temperature ...

The Arctic has featured the strongest surface warming over the globe during the recent decades, and the temperature increase has been accompanied by a rapid decline in sea ice extent. However, little is known about Arctic sea ice change during the early twentieth century warming (ETCW) during 1920–1940, also a period of a strong surface warming, both globally and in the Arctic. Here, we investi...

Recent studies have highlighted the impact of sea surface iodide concentrations on the deposition of ozone to the sea surface and the sea to air flux of reactive iodine. The use of models to predict this flux demands accurate, spatially distributed sea surface iodide concentrations, but to date, the observational data required to support this is sparse and mostly arises from independent studies...

there are a number of ideas to generate cloud and precipitation in the southern coasts of caspian sea, but none of them explain the cause of precipitation particularly heavy and super heavy precipitations precisely. this study describes main thermodynamic factors when the situation and location of synoptic patterns are effective. on the basis of daily data, monthly regimes and monthly trends of...

During the first 4 years of the SeaWiFS mission (September 1997 through August 2001), the spring blooms in the Slope Sea increased in magnitude. During the same time, the mean path of the Gulf Stream shifted northward. The northward trend of the Gulf Stream is evidenced in satellite sea-surface temperature imagery as well as in situ temperature, salinity, and current vector information collecte...

The modulation of air-sea heat fluxes by geostrophic eddies due to the stirring of temperature at the sea surface is discussed and quantified. It is argued that the damping of eddy temperature variance by such air-sea fluxes enhances the dissipation of surface temperature fields. Depending on the timescale of damping relative to that of the eddying motions, surface eddy diffusivities can be sig...