background and aim: more than 50% of road fatalities occur in the 15 to 44-years old which are the young and active group of the society. one of the effective ways to reduce road accidents is using safety belts. in this study the rate of seat belt use and its associated factors have been estimated in the 15 to 44-years old of kerman. materials and methods: this study was a cross-sectional descr...

This study estimated the effectiveness of seat belts in reducing injuries and estimated the associated economic benefits using state of Kansas data. The estimation process included three stages. In the first stage, seat belt effectiveness in reducing injuries to motor vehicle occupants was estimated. Crash data from Kansas Accident Reporting System (KARS) database was used to accomplish this es...

INTRODUCTION Seat-belts are one of the most successful occupant protection countermeasures available to reduce the likelihood of death and non-fatal injury in the event of a crash. In Australia, the prevalence of seat-belt use by adult vehicle occupants is estimated to exceed 90%. Yet despite the effectiveness of seat belts and the comparatively high wearing rate in Australia, it is estimated t...

This paper formulates a comprehensive econometric structure that recognizes two important issues in crash-related injury severity analysis. First, the impact of a factor on injury severity may be moderated by various observed and unobserved variables specific to an individual or to a crash. Second, seat belt use is likely to be endogenous to injury severity. That is, it is possible that intrins...

background: seat belts have been proven as one of the most successful means of preventing or reducing injuries to occupants of cars during an accident. this paper examines the reasons behind the non-compliance of the seat belt law in malaysia and suggests possible measures to get the percentage of seat belt usage up higher. methods: various databases of articles were searched for seat belt usag...

PROBLEM Motor vehicle crashes kill more adolescents in the United States than any other cause, and often the teen is not wearing a seat belt. METHODS Using data from the 2011 Youth Risk Behavior Surveys from 38 states, we examined teens' self-reported seat belt use while riding as a passenger and identified individual characteristics and environmental factors associated with always wearing a ...

The current study contributes to the existing injury severity modeling literature by developing a multivariate probit model of injury severity and seat belt use decisions of both drivers involved in two-vehicle crashes. The modeling approach enables the joint modeling of the injury severity of multiple individuals involved in a crash, while also recognizing the endogeneity of seat belt use in p...

OBJECTIVE Enhanced seat belt reminders in automobiles have been shown to increase belt use rates by approximately 3 percentage points. The objective of this study was to estimate the effect of enhanced seat belt reminders on driver fatality risk. METHOD Data included all passenger vehicle driver deaths and vehicle registration counts in the United States for calendar years 2000-2007. Driver f...

HYPOTHESIS Focused abdominal sonography for trauma (FAST) is an unreliable method for assessing intra-abdominal injury in patients with seat belt marks. DESIGN Retrospective review of trauma patients with intestinal injury and seat belt marks during a 3-year period. Records were reviewed for patient demographics, FAST results, computed tomographic (CT) scan results, and operative findings. Th...

As part of NHTSA’s Rear Seat Occupant Protection Research Program, the Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) and State Data System (SDS) for Florida, Pennsylvania and Maryland were utilized to estimate relative fatality rates and injury risk ratios between the front and rear seat passengers. In addition, a parametric study of rear-seat restraint parameters was performed to assess chest defl...