OBJECTIVES To examine the effect on estimated levels of health conditions produced from large-scale surveys, when either list-wise respondent deletion or standard demographic item-level imputation is employed. To assess the degree to which further bias reduction results from the inclusion of correlated ancillary variables in the item imputation process. DESIGN Large cross-sectional (US level)...

BACKGROUND Efficient HIV prevention requires accurate identification of individuals with risky sexual behaviour. However, self-reported data from sexual behaviour surveys are prone to social desirability bias (SDB). Audio Computer-Assisted Self-Interviewing (ACASI) has been suggested as an alternative to face-to-face interviewing (FTFI), because it may promote interview privacy and reduce SDB. ...

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment is rapidly changing but little is known about patients' attitudes and knowledge about HCV. This study used a cross-sectional survey to examine the relationship between HCV knowledge and attitudes towards HCV in patients with HCV mono-infection and HIV/HCV co-infection. Subsequently, an education intervention was developed with an abridged version of the cross-s...

Objectives: Existing evidence in sub-Saharan Africa indicates that less than 40% of people living with HIV are aware of their status. HIV testing and counselling (HTC) is one of the key national strategies for HIV prevention but rural-urban inequalities exist in the uptake of this service. The aim of this study was to determine the factors associated with the uptake of HIV testing and counselli...

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to attempt to identify demographic risk factors for increased symptom severity among patients with fibromyalgia syndrome [FMS]. Methods: This study involved a cross-sectional Internet-based survey of adults diagnosed with FMS. Results: Analyses of variance revealed that symptom severity was associated with age, employment status, household income level,...

Emerging evidence suggests that individuals spontaneously self-affirm, by reflecting on values and strengths, in response to daily threats. We examined the prevalence and demographic and well-being correlates of spontaneous self-affirmation in the general population. Participants ( n = 3185) completed the cross-sectional, nationally representative 2013 Health Information National Trends Survey ...

AIM To examine the extent to which the theory of planned behavior (TPB) predicts academic clinicians' intent to treat pediatric obesity. METHODS A multi-disciplinary panel iteratively devised a Likert scale survey based on the constructs of the TPB applied to a set of pediatric obesity themes. A cross-sectional electronic survey was then administered to academic clinicians at tertiary care ce...

The objectives of this study were to validate the Maslach Burnout Inventory General Survey (MBI-GS) for a customer-services environment, and to assess differences in the burnout levels among various demographic groups. A cross-sectional survey design was used. A sample (n = 228) was taken of customer-services personnel working for medical schemes. The MBI-GS and a biographical questionnaire wer...

Background: Child overweight and obesity are increasing public health problems and food habits among children are concerning. Healthy family food habits and basic parental nutrition and cooking skills are important for ensuring children receive an adequate diet. Objective: To explore the nutritional quality of 5-10-year-old Swedish children’s diets and associations with parental self-perceived ...