The basic function of a gas distribution system, essentially composed of buried pipelines, reduction stations, and demand nodes, is to deliver gas from sources to end users. The objective of the article is to discuss the evaluation of seismic risk of gas networks in compliance with the performance-based earthquake engineering framework adapted to spatially distributed systems. In particular, th...

Performance-based design is an efficient strategy for assessing and reducing the risk that a construction violates some performance requirement. In this paper, a procedure for performance-based assessment of seismic risk is illustrated with reference to a composite steel-concrete frame structure. Such risk is conventionally evaluated in a simplified formulation, i.e. as the mean annual frequenc...

 Many existing bridges were designed without adequate consideration of seismic risk. The full or partial collapse of even one major bridge in a city or community would have destroying results. There has been focuses on developing fragility-based seismic vulnerability of existing usual bridges in Iran or support decision making on seismic upgrade. This article focuses on developing performance b...

Presented herein is a methodology for the seismic and hydraulic assessment of the re-liability of urban water distribution networks (UWDN) based on general seismic assessment standards, as per the American Lifelines Alliance (ALA) guidelines, localized historical records of critical risk-of-failure metrics pertaining to the specific UWDN under assessment, and hydraulic simulations using adapted...

Seismic hazard and risk are fundamentally different concepts. Seismic hazard describes phenomena generated by earthquakes that have potential to cause harm, but seismic risk is the likelihood (chance) of experiencing a specified level of seismic hazard in a given time exposure. Seismic hazard occurs naturally and can be evaluated from instrumental, historical, and geological observations. Seism...

Recent experimental research has shown that ordinary unbounded steel reinforced elastomeric bearings (SREBs) can be considered as an attractive cost-effective option for the seismic isolation of highway bridges. To further investigate its benefits, the current study is focused on the seismic risk assessment of an optimally designed highway bridge isolated by SREB system. A typical three-span hi...

This paper highlights the importance of using Remote Sensing and GIS for assisting the seismic risk assessment for historical town centres in Cyprus. The selected case study is the Paphos town centre including the archaeological area of Nea Paphos. The authors present their proposed methodology for inventory collection, which is based on the integrated use of aerial photos and satellite imagery...

Probabilistic seismic risk assessments (PSRA) are used to quantify the seismic damage probability of complex engineering structures due to seismic events. In such systems, the seismic capacities of individual relevant components are determined by structure mechanics. A significant digits computation method to quantify the mean seismic failure probability (fragility) for given component capacity...

The aim of this paper is to describe how ground-based radar interferometry can provide displacement measurements of earth dam surfaces and of vibration frequencies of its main concrete infrastructures. In many cases, dams were built many decades ago and, at that time, were not equipped with in situ sensors embedded in the structure when they were built. Earth dams have scattering properties sim...

Seismic resiliency of new buildings has improved over the years due to improved seismic codes and design practices. However, vulnerability of seismically deficient older buildings, designed and built on the basis of older codes of practice, poses a significant threat to life safety and survivability of buildings. It is economically not feasible to retrofit the entire seismically deficient infra...