The focus of this work is to revise for semi-batch and continuous operations, the model equations of a seeded batch cooling crystallisation of α-lactose monohydrate. A case study of evaporative semi-batch operation is also included for reference as models of cooling and heating are not much different. In order to achieve the highest yield, dynamic optimisations must be performed on these models...

Quentin Skinner is an intellectual historian known for his pioneering work on early-modern European political thought. He was educated at Bedford School and Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge. Author of such works as The Foundations of Modern Political Thought (1978) and Visions of Politics (2002) he served as the Regius Professor of History at the University of Cambridge, and currently as t...

Bio-Rad’s Trans-Blot Turbo transfer system is based on an improvement of the typical semi-dry blotting approach. The system significantly reduces the blotting time and increases the transfer efficiency over the conventional SD system, giving equivalent or better results compared to the widely used tank blotting process when used with Bio-Rad’s TGX gels. In this study, we tested the performance ...

This report summarizes modeling studies supporting the second phase of quarter-scale testing for the NTSB investigation of the TWA Flight 800 accident. In this study, fuel-air tests were conducted to replicate earlier tests to assure repeatability of results. The quarter-scale test tank was redesigned to use heated Jet-A fuel/air mixtures at reduced ambient pressures. Although violent combustio...

After strontium/transuranics removal by precipitation followed by cesium/technetium removal by ion exchange, the remaining low-activity waste in the Hanford River Protection Project Waste Treatment Plant is to be concentrated by evaporation before being mixed with glass formers and vitrified. To provide a technical basis to permit the waste treatment facility, a relatively organic-rich Hanford ...

A novel milliliter-scale stirred tank bioreactor was developed for the cultivation of mycelium forming microorganisms on a 10 milliliter-scale. A newly designed one-sided paddle impeller is driven magnetically and rotates freely on an axis in an unbaffled reaction vessel made of polystyrene. A rotating lamella is formed which spreads out along the reactor wall. Thus an enhanced surface-to-volum...

Rationale and significance. Recombinant therapeutic proteins are frequently produced in mammalian cells cultivated in suspension in large-scale stirred tank bioreactors. There are three major drawbacks to stirred-tank bioreactors. First, they are expensive to purchase and maintain, limiting their availability to some potential users. Second, they have not been adapted to volumetric scales less ...

An important aspect of extraction using an organic solvent that is often ignored in many laboratory scale studies is thorough solvent recovery. Although most of the solvent can be recovered with a centrifuge, the solvent left on the ‘dry’ stream must be evaporated. A custom built pilot-scale settling tank was used to separate maize particles from ethanol extracts into water with little dilution...

To optimize commercial-scale biogas production, it is important to evaluate the performance of each microbial step in the anaerobic process. Hydrolysis and methanogenesis are usually the rate-limiting steps during digestion of organic waste and by-products. By measuring biogas production and methane concentrations on-line in a semi-continuously fed reactor, gas kinetics can be evaluated. In thi...