secondary clarifiers with large areas are widely applied in wastewater treatment plants. a pilot study was conducted to examine the possibility of applying one and two-stage inclined tube settlers instead of conventional secondary clarifiers. tube diameter in the first stage of the two-stage settler was wide as the conventional ones, but in the second stage, it was narrow to improve the efficie...

An experimental study has been made of the hydrodynamics of a stage mixer-settler to obtain appropriate design information. In this paper several tests were done according to full factorial design of experiments with high reliability, since each test recurs seven times and the results of  them are very close to each other(P=1bar and T=25 °C). Sauter diameter in each test is determined with ...

Drop size distribution in a mixer-settler is an essential design parameter, as obtaining drop size distribution will result in optimum performance of equipment. In this paper for obtaining drop size, several experiments have been performed with a single stage horizontal mixer-settler. A video technique has been used in order to measure the drop size in the mixer-settler with the help of a digit...

Transitional justice has become the dominant international framework for redressing mass harm and historical injustices. However, transitional justice is commonly premised on the notion of a recent point of rupture or change from violence and oppression to a ‘new dawn’, and has therefore been less attuned to accommodating the long-term effects of colonialism. Accordingly, the historical experie...

In this article a dynamic model of a continuous working UASB reactor is described. It results from the integration of the fluid flow pattern in the reactor, the kinetic behavior of the bacteria (where inhibition and limitation were taken into account), and the mass transport phenomena between different compartments and different phases. The mathematical equations underlying the model and descri...

Population growth involves demographic bottlenecks that regulate recruitment success during various early life-history stages. The success of each early life-history stage can vary in response to population density, interacting with intrinsic (e.g. behavioural) and environmental (e.g. competition, predation) factors. Here, we used the common reef-building coral Acropora millepora to investigate...