Dimension-independent Harnack inequalities are derived for a class of subordinate semigroups. In particular, for a diffusion satisfying the BakryEmery curvature condition, the subordinate semigroup with power α satisfies a dimension-free Harnack inequality provided α ∈ ` 1 2 , 1 ́ , and it satisfies the log-Harnack inequality for all α ∈ (0, 1). Some infinite-dimensional examples are also presen...

BACKGROUND Studies on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) inequalities according to sexual orientation are scarce. The aim of this study was to assess HRQoL inequalities between lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) people and heterosexuals in the 2011 Barcelona population, to describe the extent to which sociodemographic characteristics, health-related behaviors, and chronic conditions could exp...

BACKGROUND Theoretically, there may be benefit in augmenting school-based sexual health education with sexual health services, but the outcomes are poorly understood. Healthy Respect 2 (HR2) combined sex education with youth-friendly sexual health services, media campaigns and branding, and encouraged joint working between health services, local government and the voluntary sector. This study e...

BACKGROUND Papanicolaou smear screening has significantly reduced cervical cancer morbidity and mortality. However, inequalities still persist across different socioeconomic status (SES) groups. These inequalities have been associated with differential participation in screening. However, even with equal participation to screening, some women may still have greater risk of cervical cancer becau...

BACKGROUND Sexual health entails the absence of disease and the ability to lead a pleasurable and safe sex life. In Britain, ethnic inequalities in diagnoses of sexually transmitted infections (STI) persist; however, the reasons for these inequalities, and ethnic variations in other markers of sexual health, remain poorly understood. We investigated ethnic differences in hypothesised explanator...

BACKGROUND Intersectionality theory, a way of understanding social inequalities by race, gender, class, and sexuality that emphasizes their mutually constitutive natures, possesses potential to uncover and explicate previously unknown health inequalities. In this paper, the intersectionality principles of "directionality," "simultaneity," "multiplicativity," and "multiple jeopardy" are applied ...

Gender and health inequalities: intersections with other relevant axes of oppression T he risk of disease, disability, and mortality as well as access to health services are unfairly distributed among the population, with certain groups bearing an unequally larger burden of ill health and poorer access to care due to gender, sexual identity/orientation, ethnic background, or class. According to...

while men’s violence is assessed within their social life, women’s violence is attributed to personal factors, such as mental stress, aggression and/or womanish nervousness, regardless of social factors. unlike such a common interpretation that tries to associate violence of women with interpretations of stereotypes and individual, in this article, violence of women will be explained in terms o...

The European Union (EU), a pioneer in gender equality policies, is moving from predominantly attending to gender inequality, towards policies that address multiple inequalities. This article argues that there are tendencies at EU level to assume an unquestioned similarity of inequalities, to fail to address the structural level and to fuel the political competition between inequalities. Based u...

Dimension-independent Harnack inequalities are derived for a class of subordinate semigroups. In particular, for a diffusion satisfying the BakryEmery curvature condition, the subordinate semigroup with power α satisfies a dimension-free Harnack inequality provided α ∈ ` 1 2 , 1 ́ , and it satisfies the log-Harnack inequality for all α ∈ (0, 1). Some infinite-dimensional examples are also presen...