Resistance strategies of clonal organs, and parent and offspring shoots of Phragmites australis (common reed) to heavy metal pollution in soils are not well known. To clarify the tolerance or resistance strategies in reeds, we conducted a pot experiment with five levels of Pb concentration (0∼4,500 mg kg-1) in flood and drought conditions. Lead toxicity had no inhibitory effect on the number of...

The rice white tip nematode (RWTN), Aphelenchoides besseyi and the chrysanthemum foliar nematode (CFN), Aphelenchoides ritzemabosi are migratory plant parasitic nematodes that infect the aboveground parts of plants. In this research, Arabidopsis thaliana was infected by RWTN and CFN under indoor aseptic cultivation, and the nematodes caused recognizable symptoms in the leaves. Furthermore, RWTN...

Computer simulations similar to actual trees were constructed using simple branching rules. Branch orientation with respect to the direction of gravity was a fundamental consideration. In Cornus kousa BUERG. ex HANCE, several types of branches develop from winter buds, varying from orthotropic shoots to plagiotropic ones. Based on actual observations and measurements of branching structures wit...

Studies were conducted to relate the influence of the physical characteristics, leaf nutrient content and phloem sap amino acid concentration of citrus flush shoots on the densities of various Diaphorina citri life stages. Adult D. citri preferentially selected young shoots for feeding and numbers of D. citri immatures were positively correlated with flush shoot softness. Young flush shoots had...

ture and needle morphology on the distributions of light and nitrogen within a Pacific silver fir (Abies amabilis (Dougl.) Forbes) canopy. Specifically, we investigated the role of morphological shade acclimation in the determination of resource use efficiency, which is claimed to be optimal when the distribution of nitrogen within the canopy is directly proportional to the distribution of inte...

Studies were conducted in early 2003 to determine the effect of root source and length on yield of adventitious shoots and plant yield from root cuttings of Arkansas-developed thornless blackberries. In the first study, roots from ‘Arapaho’ and ‘Apache’ plants grown in an aboveground bed containing commercial potting soil were compared to field-grown roots. Bed-grown roots averaged 6.9 shoots p...

We studied the effects of variation in shoot structure and needle morphology on the distributions of light and nitrogen within a Pacific silver fir (Abies amabilis (Dougl.) Forbes) canopy. Specifically, we investigated the role of morphological shade acclimation in the determination of resource use efficiency, which is claimed to be optimal when the distribution of nitrogen within the canopy is...

We investigated effects of nutrient availability on shoot structure and light-interception efficiency based on data from control (C) and irrigated + fertilized (IL) trees of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.). The sampling of 1-year-old shoots was designed to cover the variation in canopy exposure within the live crown zone, where current-year shoots were still found. Canopy openness was u...

Multiple shoots were induced from axillary and apical buds of Crossandra infundibuliformis (L.) on MS medium containing BAP and kinetin individually. The maximum number of multiple shoots were obtained from MS medium containing BAP 1 mgÿ1. The subcultures were done on fresh medium with the same composition and the number of multiple shoots increased during subculture of both types of explant. A...

27 r Ostendorp, W. and Möller, J., 1991. EM-algorithm as a tool for structure analysis of stands of the common reed (Phragmites australis). Ecol. Modelling, 53: 27-38. The frequency distributions of morphometric and mechanical properties of randomly sampled stalks of seven reed stands at Lake Constance-Untersee are analysed by the Estimation-Maximisation Algorithm. The aim was to look for compo...