Noncompaction of the ventricular myocardium is a rare congenital cardiomyopathy resulting from an arrest in normal endomyocardial embryogenesis. This disease is characterized by numerous and prominent trabeculations and deep intertrabecular recesses. It may be isolated or associated with other congenital heart diseases. The disorder is clinically accompanied by depressed ventricular function, s...

myocardial infarction and tobacco smoking: risk of heart rhythm and conduction disorders e imani , msc n hajizadeh , bs z khademy , msc f naghizadeh , bsc received: 6 aug, 2009 accepted: 17 oct, 2009 abstract background & aims: smoking increases risk of myocardial infarction and its complications. in addition, it increases blood pressure, heart rate and vasoconstriction. the purpose of this res...

background & objective:  periodic paralyses are a group of rare disorders that cause temporary episodes of muscle weakness or paralysis.  hypokalemic periodic paralysis usually is transmitted by an autosomal dominant trait with more penetration in men.  hypokalemic periodic paralysis may be secondary to thyrotoxicosis, hyperparathyroidism, drug  toxicity and potassium losing states. sporadic fo...

Bradycardia, renal failure, Atrioventricular (AV) nodal Blocker Drug Use, Shock, and Hyperkalemia (BRASH) syndrome is a clinical condition frequently seen in emergency services but with low diagnostic awareness. In cases of the syndrome, its cause was determined to be synergistic effect hyperkalemia due failure use AV blocker drugs. The common features patients diagnosed BRASH are moderately el...

Carotid sinus hypersensitivity (CSH) is an exaggerated response to carotid sinus baroreceptor stimulation. Bradycardia, hypotension, and syncope are common manifestations of CSH. A 31-year-old female patient was scheduled for a robotically assisted endoscopic total thyroidectomy. No problems occurred during anesthetic induction. Sudden cardiac arrest occurred near dissection of the diseased thy...

Sinus node dysfunction with symptomatic bradycardia or chronotropic incompetence is generally an indication for pacemaker implantation. However, in patients with symptomatic sinus bradycardia, the identification and treatment of underlying pathologies may avoid the need for permanent pacemaker implantation. We present a case of carotid sinus syndrome and severe obstructive sleep apnea due to a ...

A case is reported of bradycardia and sinus arrest induced by insertion of a nasal temperature probe. Other possible causes of bradycardia and sinus arrest under anaesthesia are reviewed briefly. Evidence for the neurological basis of a nasocardiac reflex, similar to the oculocardiac reflex, is presented. A minor, trivial stimulus may elicit this reflex.

This paper describes a group of patients who have chronic bradycardia, due to a slow atrial rate. This can be the result of sinus bradycardia or produced by block between the sinus node and the atrium. The distinction between the two processes may be difficult, since electrical discharge of the sinus node does not give rise to a deflection on the standard electrocardiogram. For a start, therefo...

It is well known that atrioventricular conduction varies as a function of atrial rate. However, rate related changes in sinoatrial conduction time (SACT) have not been examined. To determine the relationship between SACT and sinoatrial cycle length (SCL) in man, atrial and His bundle electrograms were recorded during atrial premature stimulation in each of nineteen patients with sinus arrhythmi...