Till date, there has been no single material in dentistry that is idyllic in nature, which can satisfy all the necessities of a superlative material. As the search for an ―ideal restorative material‖ continues, newer group of materials were introduced. These are ―Smart Materials’’, as they support the remaining tooth structure to the level, so that more conservative cavity preparation can be pe...

We aim to present mathematical models of smart materials and smart structures. Smart materials are materials which present significant multiphysical couplings. They are integrated in smart structures which take technological advantages of some multiphysical effects. We establish a classification of piezoelectric crystalline materials and propose simplified but accurate models of thin plates or ...

Smart systems and smart materials Smart structures are a new emerging materials system which combines contemporary materials science with information science. The smart system is composed of sensing, processing, actuating, feedback, self-diagnosing and self-recovering subsystems. The system uses the functional properties of advanced materials to achieve high performances with capabilities of re...

Cellulose is the most abundant biomass material in nature, and possesses some promising properties, such as mechanical robustness, hydrophilicity, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. Thus, cellulose has been widely applied in many fields. "Smart" materials based on cellulose have great advantages-especially their intelligent behaviors in reaction to environmental stimuli-and they can be app...

Smart polymeric materials respond with a considerable change in their properties to small changes in their environment. Environmental stimuli include temperature, pH, chemicals, and light. "Smart" stimuli-sensitive materials can be either synthetic or natural. This review discusses the application of smart materials as tools to solve biological problems such as bioseparation, drug delivery, bio...

Application of smart materials technology in nuclear industry offer new opportunities in this industrial sector for safety enhancement, reduced personal exposure, life-cycle cost reduction, and performance improvement. However, the radiation environments associated with nuclear operations represent a unique challenge to the testing, qualification and use of smart materials. The present study as...