PageRank-style authority analyses of Web graphs are of great importance for Web mining. Such authority analyses also apply to hot “Web 2.0” applications that exhibit a natural graph structure, such as social networks (e.g., MySpace, Facebook) or tagging communities (e.g., Flickr, Del.icio.us). Finding the most trustworthy or most important authorities in such a community is a pressing need, giv...

In this paper, I want to examine and challenge certain criticisms of Dewey's conception of authority. These criticisms are, broadly speaking, of two species. The first set of criticisms involves what critics have labeled Dewey's "strong" authority. These critics, the so-called "Illinois Revisionists," argue that embedded in Dewey's social and educational philosophy are assumptions about authori...

Authority and power permeate political, social, and economic life, but empirical knowledge about the motivational origins and consequences of authority is limited. We study the motivation and incentive effects of authority experimentally in an authoritydelegation game. Individuals often retain authority even when its delegation is in their material interest—suggesting that authority has nonpecu...

I propose a framework in which consumers have biased beliefs about their future purchase probabilities, leading them to make unplanned purchases. Using this framework, I examine the phenomenon of below-cost pricing and the welfare effects of banning it. When the market is covered, a ban on below-cost pricing raises social surplus, although consumers need not gain—they are only guaranteed to ben...

Classical bourgeois political theory articulated the political revolution that established possessive individualism as the basis of legitimate government and the foundation of civil society. In this respect, it inaugurated the systematic investigation of the objective rules governing subjective human existence. The work of Thomas Hobbes and of John Locke, like classical political economy and mo...

This paper inverts the usual logic of applied optimal income taxation. It starts from the observed distribution of income before and after redistribution and corresponding marginal tax rates. Under a set of simplifying assumptions, it is then possible to recover the social welfare function that would make the observed marginal tax rate schedule optimal. In this framework, the issue of the optim...

This paper reports on the relationship between dimensions of control (skill discretion and decision authority) and burnout (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment) among 164 human service workers. It examines the diVerential in ̄ uence of job demands, control (skill discretion and decision authority) and social support (supervisor, co-workers, others) on eac...