ost sports and recreational turfs are subjected to traffic stresses. A hidden but very important component of traffic stress is soil compaction, which is defined as the pressing together of soil particles into more dense mass. Soil compaction tends to be greater in the upper 50 to 75 mm of the root zone profile. Proneness to soil compaction tends to be greater (a) in finer textured soils such a...

Soil compaction by machine used in forest harvesting operation caused negative impacts for regeneration and tree growth. This research was intended to analyze the effectiveness of using slash to decrease soil compaction, to analyze soil compaction at various soil depths, and to measure rut depth at soil surface. Valmet 860.1 forwarder was used in this research. Soil compaction was measured thro...

response to soil compaction associated with soil and crop type, and soil wetness at the time of load application and weather in Central and Eastern Europe are reviewed. The effects of soil compaction on the morphological and anatomical modifications of the roots were shown. The influence of soil compaction on plasticity in root growth and functioning in relation to structural discontinuity is d...

Organic farming systems still depend on intensive, mechanical soil tillage. Frequent passes by machinery traffic cause substantial soil compaction that threatens soil health. Adopting practices as reduced tillage and organic matter retention on the soil surface are considered effective ways to control soil compaction. In tropical regions, however, the acceleration of soil organic matter decompo...

Urban and peri-urban agriculture is becoming increasingly important as a source of income and food for the urban population in South Africa. This study was prompted by concerns of city authorities that soil compaction in horticultural fields that used conventional tillage practices with tractors was, not only limiting the performance of fruit and vegetable crops, but also affecting the quality ...

Overtopping, internal erosion, and piping are the main causes of accidents and failures of embankments for dams, lagoons, and levees. A key parameter in the failure of these structures is the erodibility of the soil materials used in construction of the embankments. The soil materials are typically constructed based on compaction specifications. The jet erosion test (JET) has been developed to ...

Soil compaction can affect crop growth and greenhouse gas emission and information is required of how both these aspects are affected by compaction intensity and weather. In this paper we describe treatments of compaction intensity and their effects on soil physical conditions and crop growth in loam to sandy loam cambisol soils. Soil conditions and crop performance were measured over three sea...

Soil compaction reduces rooting, infiltration, water storage, aeration, drainage, and crop growth. Soil compaction has been studied intensively for more than a century, and yet we still struggle with the effect that soil compaction has on crop production and the environment. In this article, we attempt to present the primary causes of soil compaction including trafficking weak soil, excessive l...

Nitrogen from fertilisers and crop residues can be lost as nitrous oxide (N2O), a greenhouse gas that causes an increase in global warming and also depletes stratospheric ozone. Nitrous oxide emissions, soil chemical status, temperature and N2O concentration in the soil atmosphere were measured in a ®eld experiment on soil compaction in loam and sandy loam (cambisols) soils in south-east Scotla...

Soil compaction has been recognised as the greatest problem in terms of damage to Australia's soil resource. Compaction by tractor and harvester tyres, related to traf®cking of wet soil, is one source of the problem. In this paper an array of soil properties was measured before and immediately after the application of a known compaction force to a wet Vertisol. A local grain harvester was used ...