shah ismail established a dynasty in iran on the premises of nationality and religion. to establish national unity in iran, he announced shia as the official religion. his goal was to strengthen iranian national bonds. the presence of uzbeks in the east and ottomans in the west made it necessary that iranian people reinforce their feeling of patriotism and love for they homeland. shah ismail be...

Ismail et al. (Constr. Approx. 15 (1999) 69–81) proved the positivity of some trigonometric polynomials with single binomial coefficients. In this paper, we prove some similar results by replacing the binomial coefficients with products of two binomial coefficients.

The birth and death processes are closely related to the orthogonal polynomials. The latter allows determining the stochastic matrix associated with these processes. Let us also note that these processes are stationary Markov processes whose state space is the nonnegative integers. Many authors treated the question of the existing relationship between the birth and death processes and the ortho...

This study analyzed Ismail Raji al-Faruqi’s (1921-1986) fundamental ideas of education from the perspective IOK and tawhidic framework his critical contribution in articulating modern Islamic worldview expounding its progressive inclusive outlook. It set forth to discusses Islamization knowledge as envisaged propounded major works that highlight doctrine tawhid overarching principle such Knowle...