Sonic anemometers are capable of measuring the wind speed in all three dimensions at high frequencies (10–50 Hz), and are relied upon to estimate eddy-covariance-based fluxes of mass and energy over a wide variety of surfaces and ecosystems. In this study, wind-velocity measurement errors from a three-dimensional sonic anemometer with a nonorthogonal transducer orientation were estimated for ov...

Membrane fouling, where unwanted particles accumulate on the membrane surface and reduce its permeability, causes problems in membrane filtration processes. With ultrasonic time-domain reflectometry (UTDR) it is possible to measure the extent of membrane fouling and hence take actions to minimize it. However, the usability of UTDR is very limited to constant filtration conditions if the sonic v...

The observed scaling of sonic logs is generally described using a monofractal model (fractional Brownian motion with Hurst exponent typically between 0.1 and 0.2, or fractional Lévy motion); even though such a description recognizes the existence of the self-similarity of the logs, it offers only a limited account of the actual symmetry, as it misses the displayed heterogeneous fractality. Inte...

An ever present goal of seismic processing and inversion is to extract meaningful geology information from seismic data. The simplest possibility is to invert for seismic impedances, or, considering density constant, invert for velocities. Here I use a micro genetic algorithm program to achieve this goal. I use a real sonic log to compute a synthetic seismic trace and then use that trace as inp...

This paper describes a simple method to evaluate an acoustic altered zone around the borehole using an array of sonic waveforms. The method is based on a semblance velocity analysis and a nonlinear travel time window is introduced. On the assumption that a velocity gradient of the altered zone may be linear, the nonlinear travel time window is calculated as a function of averaged velocity and a...

Abstract. We consider systems of hyperbolic balance laws governing flows of an arbitrary number of components equipped with general equations of state. The components are assumed to be immiscible. We compare two such models; one in which thermal equilibrium is attained trough a relaxation procedure, and a fully relaxed model in which equal temperatures are instantaneously imposed. We describe h...

Starting with a reminder of what is strongly coupled Quark-Gluon Plasma (sQGP), we proceed to recent advances in jet quenching and heavy quark diffusion, with a brief summary of various results based on AdS/CFT correspondence. The conical flow is a hydrodynamical phenomenon created by energy and entropy deposited by high energy jets propagating in matter, similar in nature to well known sonic b...

In this paper, we investigate steady inviscid compressible flows with radial symmetry in an annulus. The major concerns are transonic or without shocks. One of the main motivations is to elucidate role played by angular velocity structure flows. We give a complete classification flow patterns terms boundary conditions at inner and outer circle. Due nonzero velocity, many new will appear. There ...