In this article, ZnO nanostructures were synthesized via the hydrothermal method which used ZnCl2 and HMTAmixed solution as the precursor. A multistep growth was adopted to improve the growth restriction of a closed system, not only the length but also the aspect ratio were increased with steps of growth, and the shape of nanorods maintained integrity. Furthermore, photoluminescence spectra whi...

To find new antipruritic herbal medicines for pruritus, we screened the methanol extracts of seven herbal medicines which have been used to treat dermatologic diseases, testing them on mouse models of acute and chronic itch. When administrated perorally (p.o.) at a dose of 200 mg/kg, methanol extracts of Sophora flavescens and Cnidium monnieri, but not the others, significantly inhibited a sero...

Sophora comprises 45-50 species of worldwide distribution, but no general proposal as to the evolution of this group has been put forth. We used cladistic relationships of the quinolizidine alkaloids (matrine, sparteine, methylcytisine, anagyrine, and sophoranol) with morphological and palynological characters to suggest a hypothesis of evolutionary and biogeographic relationships. The mainland...

31 32 In total 14 strains of gram-negative, rod-shaped bacteria were isolated from Sophora 33 longicarinata and Sophora microphylla root nodules and authenticated as rhizobia on these 34 hosts. Based on the 16S rRNA gene phylogeny, they were shown to belong to the genus 35 Mesorhizobium, and the S. longicarinata strains were most closely related to Mesorhizobium 36 amorphae ACCC 19665 (99.8 – 9...

In the long-term, with progression of the illness, Parkinson’s disease dementia affects up to 90% of patients with Parkinson’s disease. With increasing life expectancy in western countries, Parkinson’s disease dementia is set to become even more prevalent in the future. However, current treatments only give modest symptomatic benefit at best. New treatments are slow in development because unlik...

Canagliflozin (CNF) and dapagliflozin (DPF) are the first sodiumglucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors to be approved for clinical use. Although available evidence excludes clinically significant inhibition of cytochromes P450, the effects of CNF and DPF on human UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) enzymes are unknown. Here, we report the inhibition of human recombinant UGTs by CNF and DPF, along wit...

Background: Short sleep duration is correlated with an increased risk of developing obesity and cardiovascular disease, but the mechanisms behind this relation are largely unknown. Objective: We aimed to test the hypothesis that acute sleep loss decreases physical activity while increasing food intake, thereby shifting 2 crucial behavioral components of energy homeostasis

BACKGROUND Ku Dou Zi is the dried whole plant, roots and seeds of Sophora alopecuroides L. in the genus Sophora of family Leguminosae. The entire plant is bitter in taste, cold in nature, and has the heat clearing, detoxifying, pathogenic wind dispelling dampness, analgesic, and insecticidal effects. Modern pharmacological studies have proved that TASA has pharmacological activities of anti-can...