Multi-objective optimization problems are currently gaining significant attentions from researchers because many real-world optimization problems consist of contradictory objectives. SPEA (Strength Pareto Evolutionary Algorithm) is one of the most successful multi-objective evolutionary algorithms for approximating the Pareto-optimal set for multiobjective optimization problems. In this paper, ...

With the enormous breadth of potential bandwidth provided by WDM optical networks, the study of prevention and protection against failures becomes critical. The protection based on pCycles is a novel approach, based on optimal pre-configured cycles of protection to provide speed and efficient recovery. This paper proposes a Multiobjective Optimization approach to solve the problem of selecting ...

Establishing the genetic determinants of niche adaptation by microbial pathogens to specific hosts is important for the management and control of infectious disease. Streptococcus pyogenes is a globally prominent human-specific bacterial pathogen that secretes superantigens (SAgs) as 'trademark' virulence factors. SAgs function to force the activation of T lymphocytes through direct binding to ...

The influence of mutationally induced changes in protein folding on development of effective neutralizing antibodies during vaccination remains largely unexplored. In this study, we probed how mutational substitutions of streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin A (SPEA), a model bacterial superantigen, affect native conformational stability and antigenicity. Stability changes for the toxin variants wer...

In group A streptococci, genetic markers for principal tissue reservoir are located within emm genes, which encode surface proteins that have a role in virulence. A worldwide collection of 160 isolates was evaluated for two traits: chromosomal emm gene markers for tissue tropism (designated patterns A-E), and bacteriophage-associated genes (speA and speC) encoding pyrogenic exotoxins. The speA ...

We address the no-wait k-stage flexible flowshop scheduling problem where there are m identical machines at each stage. The objectives are to schedule the available n jobs so that makespan and mean tardiness of n jobs are minimized. Sequence-dependent setup times are treated in this problem as one of the prominent practical assumptions. This problem is NP-hard, and therefore we present a new mu...

In this paper a comparison of the most recent algorithms for Multiobjective Optimization is realized. For this comparison are used the followings algorithms: Strength Pareto Evolutionary Algorithm (SPEA), Pareto Archived Evolution Strategy (PAES), Nondominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA II), Adaptive Pareto Algorithm (APA). The comparison is made by using five test functions.

BACKGROUND The gram-positive bacterium Streptococcus pyogenes is a common pathogen of humans that causes invasive infections, toxic-shock syndrome, rheumatic fever, necrotizing fasciitis and other diseases. Detection of antibiotic resistance in clinical isolates has renewed interest in development of new vaccine approaches for control S. pyogenes sepsis. In the study presented, a novel protein ...

Atmospheric pollutants mainly produced by thermal power plants compel to utilize green energy sources such as renewable and hydroelectric in a system. But due blinking behavior of very high rate outages, it has detrimental consequence on overall grid. Demand side management (DSM) programs decrease cost improve system security. This study proposes non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (NSGA...