An ecological model describing the competition for a single substrate of an arbitrary number of species is considered. The mortality rates of the species are not supposed to have all the same value and the growth function of the substrate is not supposed to be linear or decreasing. Intra-specific competition is taken into account. Under additional technical assumptions, we establish that the mo...

competition law as a manifestation of economic public order has also extended its controlling shadow on the commercial interactions around intellectual properties. know-how as a specific and little-known example of such assets -at least in iranian law-, isn't apart from the rules of competition law. this research in comparative attitude and regarding the specifics of innovative confidentia...

one of the most visible aspects of a forest stand structure is the spatial patterns of trees. competition affects on forest structure and its understanding is important, when the purpose of forest management is to imitate the dynamic of natural ecosystems. for this purpose, an unmanaged intact forest was selected with 26 hectares area. all chestnut leaf oak (quercus castaneifolia) trees with a ...

We employ ambiguous figures and rivalrous stimuli that have multiple ambiguous properties to show that the different attributes of an ambiguous stimulus can undergo independent switching dynamics. This suggests that competition is distributed and attribute-specific, consistent with the known functional segregation of visual processing. Conflicting evidence that binocular rivalry is an early or ...

Sperm competition is a major force in sexual selection, but its implications for mating-system and life-history evolution are only beginning to be understood. The well-known sneak-guard model predicts that sneaks will win in sperm competition. We now provide empirical confirmation of this prediction. Bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus) have both sneak (cuckolder) and guard (parental) males. ...

The Federal Communications Commission’s (FCC) charge to promote the public interest in the communications sector encompasses a mandate to foster competition.1 The FCC is far from the only federal agency with an interest in competitive communications markets. The Antitrust Division of the Department of Justice (DOJ) and the Federal Trade Commission (FTC), the nation’s generalist antitrust enforc...