تعارفات کنش های گفتاری هستند که افراد در زندگی روزمر? خود به منظور برقراری دوستی یا تداوم روابط مسالمت آمیز به کار می برند. ساز و کار تعارف مختص زبان انگلیسی یا هر زبان دیگری نیست و پدیده ای است جهانی و در همه زبانها حضور دارد. تفاوتی که از این نظر در زبانها و فرهنگ ها وجود دارد مربوط به پاسخ به این کنش گفتاری در گفتمان است. این مطالعه به بررسی تنوع پاسخ های انگلیسی و عربی به کنش گفتاری تعارف د...

although there are studies on pragmatic assessment, to date, literature has been almost silent about native and non-native english raters’ criteria for the assessment of efl learners’ pragmatic performance. focusing on this topic, this study pursued four purposes. the first one was to find criteria for rating the speech acts of apology and refusal in l2 by native and non-native english teachers...

‏‎the hypothesis is that recent and frequent exposure to lexical items leads to a more fluent production of speech in terms of rate of speech. to test the hypothesis,a one-way anova experimental design was carried out. 24 sednior students of efl participated in a one-way interview test. data analyses revealed that those who were exposed frequently to the lexical items over a week prior to inter...

this study investigates the strategies native english and persian speakers employ for expressing gratitude in different situations. the strategies of persian efl learners are also compared with english strategies in order to find the differences that may exist between these two languages. social status and size of imposition of the favor are social variables which are investigated in detail for...