Protamine 1 (PRM1) and 2 (PRM2) are major nuclear proteins in spermatozoa known to bind to chromatin during early spermatogenesis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of protamine transcripts and proteins on human spermatozoa and their fertilization ability as well as the development of preimplantation embryos. Oocytes selected from 92 patients were fertilized in vitro (IVF) using ...

Sperm protamine deficiency has been associated with human male infertility. However, the aetiology of deregulated protamine expression remains elusive. The objective of this study was to evaluate the underlying aetiology of protamine deficiency in male infertility patients with deregulated protamine expression. Protamine-1 (P1) and protamine-2 (P2) protein concentrations were compared against P...

Phenotypic adaptations may be the result of changes in gene structure or gene regulation, but little is known about the evolution of gene expression. In addition, it is unclear whether the same selective forces may operate at both levels simultaneously. Reproductive proteins evolve rapidly, but the underlying selective forces promoting such rapid changes are still a matter of debate. In particu...

Background: Sperm that bypasses natural apoptosis may find their way into semen. In order to avoid the insemination of such sperm during an intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) treatment, novel sperm selection procedures such as the Zeta procedure have been implemented. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate whether this procedure, in addition to reducing the number of immature or ...

AIM To simultaneously determine the localization of histones and protamines within human sperm nuclei. METHODS Immunofluorescence of the core histones and protamines and fluorescence in situ hybridization of the telomere region of chromosome 16 was assessed in decondensed human sperm nuclei. RESULTS Immunofluorescent localization of histones, protamine 1 (PRM1) and protamine 2 (PRM2) along ...

During the elongating spermatid stage of spermiogenesis, human sperm chromatin undergoes a complex transition in which histones are extensively replaced by protamines in a carefully regulated transition including histone modifications and intermediate and temporary replacement of the histones by sperm-specific transition proteins. The replacement of most histones by protamines 1 and 2 facilitat...

Background Chromomycin A3 (CMA3) staining has been used to assess protamine deficiency. The aim of this study was to determine credibility of CMA3 along with semen parameters for assessment of fertility potential. MaterialsAndMethods Semen analysis and CMA3 staining were carried out on 234 fertile and 178 subfertile individuals. Semen analysis was assessed according to WHO criteria. Protamine d...

OBJECTIVE This study was carried out to investigate the correlations of the sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) with semen parameters and apoptosis, and to investigate the effects of density-gradient centrifugation (DGC) and magnetic-activated cell sorting (MACS) on reducing the proportion of sperm with DNA fragmentation and protamine deficiency. METHODS Semen analysis and a sperm DNA fragmen...

introduction: the novel development of the (hba) sperm- hyaluronan binding assay has now been routinely used in some laboratories worldwide to predict sperm maturity and functionality. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the correlation between hba score and histone deficiency, protamine content and dna fragmentation. methods: during april- march 2012 patients who were enrolled at shiraz-...