During daily activities, complex biomechanical interactions influence the biophysical regulation of intervertebral disks (IVDs), and transfers of mechanical loads are largely controlled by the stabilizing action of spine muscles. Muscle and other internal forces cannot be easily measured directly in the lumbar spine. Hence, biomechanical models are important tools for the evaluation of the load...

STUDY DESIGN An experimental approach was used to test human cadaveric cervical spine specimens. OBJECTIVE To assess the response of the cervical spine to a compressive follower load applied along a path that approximates the tangent to the curve of the cervical spine. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA The compressive load on the human cervical spine is estimated to range from 120 to 1200 N during...

Background context: Previous research has documented differences in spine loading between genders when the imposed load is normalized relative to the size of the person. However, under realistic work conditions the magnitude of the load handled is seldom adjusted relative to worker anthropometry. Thus, there is a void in our knowledge in that we do not understand how material handling influence...

Introduction Spinal muscles transmit most of the kinematical forces to the spine tissues and therefore, careful modelling of muscle activity is critical for an adequate estimation of spinal loads. However, current lumbar spine numerical models overlook such muscle contribution or suggest simplifications that do not allow thorough studies of load transfers within the deforming spine. As such, th...

BACKGROUND CONTEXT The role of biomechanical workplace factors in spine loading has been well documented. However, our understanding of the role of psychosocial and individual factors in producing spine loads is poorly understood. Even less is understood about the relative contribution of these factors with respect to kinematic, kinetic and muscle activity responses, as well as spine loading. ...

STUDY DESIGN A biomechanical in vitro study on porcine and human spinal segments. OBJECTIVE To investigate axial rotational stability of the thoracic spine under dorsal and ventral shear loads. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Idiopathic scoliosis is a condition restricted exclusively to humans. An important difference between humans and other vertebrates is the fact that humans ambulate in a ful...

BACKGROUND Physiological and psychophysical studies of the effects of lifting frequency have focused on whole-body measurements of fatigue or subjective acceptance of the task and have not considered how spine loads may change as a function of lift frequency or lift time exposure. Our understanding of biomechanical spine loading has been extrapolated from short lifting bouts to the entire work ...

STUDY DESIGN This study is a repeated measures design to measure the lumbar spine response to typical school backpack loads in healthy children. The lumbar spine in this setting was measured for the first time by an upright magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to measure the lumbar spine response to typical school backpack loads in healthy children....

normal 0 false false false en-us x-none fa microsoftinternetexplorer4 in this paper, a fully discretized bio-fidelity simulation model for bio-mechanical (kinematic) analysis of scoliosis for various patients was developed to analyze forces on vertebrae, loads acting on the intervertebral disc, corresponding angles between vertebrae, and tension in the spine muscles during lateral bending. it w...

This study was conducted to develop a detailed, nonlinear three-dimensional geometrically and mechanically accurate finite-element model of the human lower cervical spine using a high-definition digitizer. This direct digitizing process also offers an additional method in the development of the finite-element model for the human cervical spine. The biomechanical response of the finite-element m...