Wedetermined that spinosad interacts synergistically with the biocontrol agentMetarhizium anisopliae (Metch) Sorokin to increase the mortality of two wild-collected wireworm species, Agriotes lineatus(L.), andAgriotes obscurus(L.).BioassayswereperformedusingaM.anisopliae isolate originally acquired from a local wireworm cadaver.M. anisopliaewas applied as a soil drench at 3.3 10 and 10 conidia ...

The concept of modern crop protection demands for a continuous supply of new or modified established pesticides to avoid the development of serious resistances. Recent reports on the insecticidal spinosyns 1 and 2 show that also this class of pest managing agents is increasingly exposed to the formation of resistances. The synthesis of new derivatives is therefore highly desirable. We describe ...

Spinetoram, a mixture of 3'-O-ethyl-5,6-dihydrospinosyn J (XDE-175-J, major component) and 3'-O-ethylspinosyn L (XDE-175-L, minor component), is a novel kind of green and efficient insecticide with a broad range of action against various insects. Nowadays, spinetoram is widely used in agriculture and food storage. This work reports a 7-step semisynthesis of 3'-O-ethyl-5,6-dihydrospinosyn J from...

materials and methods statistical and regressive modeling methods were used to investigate the effects of the carbon source and to optimize the production media. results the spinosad production of s. spinosa co121 increased 77.13%, from 310.44 ± 21.84 μg/ml in the initial fermentation medium (with glucose as the main carbon source) to 549.89 ± 38.59 μg/ml in a new optimized fermentation medium ...