BACKGROUND/AIMS Cefotaxime or ceftriaxone were considered the first-choice antibiotic for empirical treatment in cirrhotic patients developing spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. It has been suggested that ciprofloxacin could be an alternative to cefotaxime or ceftriaxone in cirrhotic patients developing spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. The aim of the present study was to compare oral ciproflo...

Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is a common, serious complication in patients with cirrhosis and ascites. It is a bacterial infection of ascitic fluid in the absence of an adjacent, surgically amenable infection source. Since its description in 1964 (1) numerous studies, guidelines, and both national and international consensus conferences have brought significant advancement to the dia...

Since its initial description in 1964, research has transformed spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) from a feared disease (with reported mortality of 90%) to a treatable complication of decompensated cirrhosis, albeit with steady prevalence and a high recurrence rate. Bacterial translocation, the key mechanism in the pathogenesis of SBP, is only possible because of the concurrent failure of...

at 20% to 40%.4,5 If the patient survives that hospitalization, one-year and two-year mortality rates for those with SBP are approximately 70% and 80%, respectively.3,6–10 Further adding to the inherent morbidity of SBP is its proclivity for recurrence. After an episode of SBP has been successfully cleared with antibiotic therapy, recurrence rates range from 40% to 70% within the first year.3,6...

BACKGROUND/AIMS Gold-standard treatment of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis currently involves 3rd generation cephalosporins. To evaluate the efficacy of ofloxacin in this infection, we compared a combined therapy with intravenous and oral ofloxacin to intravenous cefotaxime. METHODS Thirty cirrhotic patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis were assigned to receive either intravenous ...

BACKGROUND & AIMS Long-term primary antibiotic prophylaxis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis has been suggested to be useful in cirrhotic patients with low ascitic fluid protein levels. However, it is unlikely that all such patients need prophylactic treatment. The aim of this study was to identify the group of cirrhotic patients with low ascitic fluid protein levels at high risk of developi...

BACKGROUND Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis is defined as an ascetic fluid infection without an evident intra-abdominal surgically treatable source. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis is one of the severe complications in patients with cirrhosis and ascites. Without early antibiotic treatment, this complication is associated with high mortality rate; therefore, early diagnosis and treatment of ...

Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is a bacterial infection of ascitic fluid in patients with decompensated cirrhosis. The modifier 'spontaneous' distinguishes this from surgical peritonitis. The infecting organisms are usually enteric gram-negatives which have translocated from the bowel. Symptoms of infection occur in most patients with SBP, including fever, abdominal pain, mental status...

Spontaneous peritonitis (SP) is the most common infection among decompensated end-stage liver disease patients. SP is the infection of ascitic fluid (neutrophil ascitic count ≥250/mL) without an alternative focus of abdominal infection. According to the causative agent, clinicians can make the diagnosis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis or spontaneous fungal peritonitis. The mortality rate i...