Mutations in the TARDBP gene, which encodes the Tar DNA binding protein, have been shown to causes of both familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (FALS) and sporadic ALS (SALS). Recently, several novel TARDBP exon 6 mutants have been reported in patients with ALS in Europe and America but not in Asia. To further examine the spectrum and frequency of TARDBP exon 6 mutations, we investigated thei...

Astrocytes from familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients or transgenic mice are toxic specifically to motor neurons (MNs). It is not known if astrocytes from sporadic ALS (sALS) patients cause MN degeneration in vivo and whether the effect is specific to MNs. By transplanting spinal neural progenitors, derived from sALS and healthy induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), into the c...

AIMS Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and primary lateral sclerosis (PLS) are two syndromic variants within the motor neurone disease spectrum. As PLS and most ALS cases are sporadic (SALS), this limits the availability of cellular models for investigating pathogenic mechanisms and therapeutic targets. The aim of this study was to use gene expression profiling to evaluate fibroblasts as cell...

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder. It is also among the most lethal as life expectancy is between 2 and 5 years after diagnosis. Sporadic ALS (sALS) makes up 90% of all ALS cases with little known about the exact mechanism of pathogenesis. Many potential regulators of sALS development have been proposed, several of which are examined in this revie...

To determine the role of free radical mechanisms in the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of oxidized nitric oxide (NO) products (nitrite and nitrate) and reduced and oxidized forms of glutathione (GSH and GSSG, respectively) were compared between patients with the sporadic form of ALS (SALS) and controls. In the SALS patients, the nitrate l...

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a progressive neurodegenerative disease with uncertain etiology. for many years, viruses have been suspected as causative agents. there are conflicting reports about the possible role of viruses such as human herpes virus 8 (hhv8) and retroviruses in the pathogenesis of the sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. we conducted a prospective case-control study to ...

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a neurodegenerative disease affecting the anterior horn cells of the spinal cord and cortical motor neurons. Previous findings have suggested a specific impairment of mitochondrial function in skeletal muscle of at least a limited number of patients. Applying flavoprotein/NAD(P)H autofluorescence imaging of mitochondrial function in saponin-permeabilized muscle ...

The molecular mechanisms underlying the selective neurodegeneration of motor neurons in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are inadequately understood. Recent breakthroughs have implicated impaired axonal transport, mediated by molecular motors, as a key element for disease onset and progression. The current work identifies the expression of 15 kinesin-like motors in healthy human motor cortex...

Mutations in the UBQLN2 gene, which encodes a member of the ubiquitin-like protein family (ubiquilin-2), have been identified in patients with dominant X-linked amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and ALS with frontotemporal dementia (FTD). We analyzed mutations in the UBQLN2 gene in a Chinese cohort of 515 patients with sporadic ALS (sALS). A novel missense mutation (p.M392V) was detected in o...