Aim The steppe grasslands of eastern Central Europe are exceptionally species rich and valuable from a nature conservation point view. However, their historical biogeography is still poorly understood. Here we use the regional diversity habitat specialists chloroplast DNA data to investigate potential long-term refugia in this region. Location Pannonian Basin adjacent regions; SW Russia. Taxon ...

recently the stepped spillways have been used as an appropriate solution for energy dissipation. in the present study, siahbisheh dam spillway is simulated by using computational fluid dynamic (cfd), in which the mixture method and reynolds stresses model (rsm) turbulence model is used. in the first modeling series the over all steppes slope is constant. the number of the steps is increased to ...

The aim of the study. Analysis changes in productivity dwarf shrub-moss-lichen, pine-dwarf shrub-sphagnum and sedge-sphagnum grass ecosystems along latitudinal gradient. Methodology. For a number bog located gradient from 65 to 50° N range longitudes 63 95° E stocks live dead, aboveground belowground phytomass, as well values (ANP), (BNP) total production (NPP) were analyzed. data are given for...

This paper tests predictions derived from the non-equilibrium theory of rangeland science. Data were collected in livestock enclosures situated in the relatively moist desert steppes of the Gobi Gurvan Saykhan region of southern Mongolia from 2000 to 2003. Plant community composition and species’ richness in enclosures showed clear differences between years, but these were equally strong in ung...

Global climate change projections suggest an increasing frequency of droughts and extreme rain events in the steppes of the Eurasian region. Using the eddy covariance method, we measured carbon and water balances of a meadow steppe ecosystem in Northeast China during 2 years which had contrasting precipitation patterns in spring seasons in 2007 and 2008. The meadow steppe sequestrated only 64Ð2...

Global warming is projected to continue, leading to intense fluctuations in precipitation and heat waves and thereby affecting the productivity and the relevant biological processes of grassland ecosystems. Here, we determined the functional responses to warming and altered precipitation in both typical and desert steppes. The results showed that watering markedly increased the aboveground net ...

A recent discovery of Iron Age burials (Pazyryk culture) in the Altai Mountains of Mongolia may shed light on the mode and tempo of the generation of the current genetic east-west population admixture in Central Asia. Studies on ancient mitochondrial DNA of this region suggest that the Altai Mountains played the role of a geographical barrier between West and East Eurasian lineages until the be...