We present a non-destructive approach to sense inclusion objects embedded in a solid medium remotely from force sensors applied to the medium and boundary displacements that could be measured via a digital image correlation system using a set of cameras. We provide a rationale and strategy to uniquely identify the heterogeneous sample composition based on stiffness (here, shear modulus) maps. T...

This paper proposes a new bilateral control scheme to ensure both transparency and robust stability under unknown constant time delay in stiff environment. Furthermore, this method guaranties suitable performance and robust stability when transition occurs between soft and stiff environments. This framework is composed of an adaptive sliding mode controller and an adaptive impedance controller,...

A model of the effective low-strain elastic Young’s modulus multi-layer stacked composites is proposed, which capable to account for an arbitrary inclusion. Geometrical and discretization-based results are validated against measured moduli (from 10 up 40 kPa) on 14 molded silicone specimens embedding a stiff (298 inclusion with variable size, position, stacking. Specimens without represent musc...

Failure behavior of composite materials in general and particulate composites in particular is intimately linked to interactions between a matrix crack and a second phase inclusion. In this work, surface deformations are optically mapped in the vicinity of a crack–inclusion pair using moiré interferometry. Edge cracked epoxy beams, each with a symmetrically positioned cylindrical glass inclusio...

OBJECTIVE Assess the results of the elbow/fascia lata interposing arthroplasty technique associated to the use of a hinged external fixator in the treatment of stiff elbow. METHODS Between 2001 and 2006, five cases of stiff elbow were operated and followed up by the Shoulder and Elbow Group of the Santa Casa Misericórdia de São Paulo Medical Sciences School, establishing the following as incl...

In this paper, we establish sensitivity results that are relevant for imaging stiffness in tissue but may also be useful in other contexts. The data are the displacement at a single frequency throughout the imaging domain. The goal is to determine how the quantities—(1) amplitude of displacement, or alternatively (2) the displacement itself, the average displacement, the phase or the phase grad...