Hydraulic transport properties of fractures not only control production flow rates in geo-energy reservoirs, but also affect potential leakage waste/energy storage reservoirs. Here, we performed shear-seepage tests on tensile sandstone and shale samples under varying effective normal stress conditions. The experimental results show that hydraulic transmissivity decreases with imposed shear stre...

High quality polycrystalline diamond films grown on Si substrates by microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition were characterized in a far-infrared spectroscopic study. The spectroscopic transmissivity data were used to derive a model for the complex refractive index (n – ik) as a function of wavelength in the 10 to 200 cm-1 frequency regime. Similar transmissivity and reflectivity da...

Calibration of spectral transmissivity of the collection and transmission optics is one of the most crucial issues for the Thomson scattering diagnostic system. Radioactivation of the vacuum vessel in ITER makes it difficult to calibrate spectral transmissivity in areas near the vacuum vessel. By using an additional calibration laser whose wavelength differs from those of the diagnostic laser a...

When pumping from a single well in a real (heterogeneous) aquifer, the steady state drawdown at the well is proportional to the pumping rate through a value called the equivalent transmissivity, Tea, which, in short, is the value that best suits Thiem's formula. Equivalent transmissivity is not a local value, but some representative value of a certain area surrounding the well. By means of nume...

Semi-opaque to opaque films containing small amounts of various aluminium particles to decrease emissivity were easily prepared and coated onto low-density polyethylene (LDPE) sheets. The thermal-radiative properties (reflectivity, transmissivity and absorptivity) of the films were measured and related to the aluminum particles' content, size and nature. Time-to-ignition of samples was assessed...

The straight-line method presented by Papadopulos requires a minimum of three observation wells for determining the transmissivity tensor of a homogeneous and anisotropic aquifer. A simplification of this method was developed for fractured aquifers where the principal directions of the transmissivity tensor are known prior to implementation, such as when fracture patterns on outcropping portion...

Numerical models for groundwater flow and transport on a regional scale require the assignment of hydraulic parameters to grid blocks of a size larger than typical scales of available field data. Most natural formations are heterogeneous with hydraulic properties varying on a multiplicity of scales. This difference in scales is often handled by using effective (upscaled) parameters. Here we inv...

Abstract Fractures provide preferential flow paths and establish the internal “plumbing” of rock mass. Fracture surface roughness matedness between surfaces combine to delineate fracture geometric aperture. New published measurements show inherent relation wavelength amplitude. In fact, data cluster along a power trend consistent with fractal topography. Synthetic created using this law, kinema...