Aggressive individuals are at increased risk of poor health, early mortality, mental health problems, and decreased life satisfaction. However, recent research suggests that trait aggression is not a unitary phenomenon. To date, most personality research on the topic has focused on direct aggression. Individuals high in trait direct aggression tend to respond to provocation with immediate anger...

OBJECTIVE Routine delays in the diagnosis of primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI) are well known and conceivably attributable to the absence of cues, other than anti-adrenal autoantibodies, to pursue subclinical PAI. Subclinical PAI is latent unless the afflicted patient encounters stress such as an acute illness, surgery, psychosocial burden, etc. It remains to be demonstrated whether a history...

OBJECTIVE We investigated the moderating relationship of hostility on emotional and physiological arousal due to acute anger provocation; stress reactivity and recovery were measured. METHOD Forty-five participants completed a measure of trait hostility (CMHQ) and performed a mental arithmetic (serial 7s) task while receiving scripted comments at set intervals designed to provoke anger (haras...

There are many tests devised to provide information about sacroiliac joint (SIJ) pain and function. Only pain provocation SIJ tests have been shown to have satisfactory inter-examiner reliability and validity with respect to a meaningful reference standard. These tests apply stress to the SIJ to determine if the usual pain is produced or aggravated and have been described in the orthopaedic med...

Different anatomical structures and pathophysiological functions can be responsible for lumbar pain, each producing a distinctive clinical profile. Pain can arise from the intervertebral disc, either acutely as a primary disc related disorder, or as result of the degradation associated with chronic internal disc disruption. In either case, greatest pain provocation will be associated with movem...

The Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) is a widely used protocol to induce stress in laboratory settings. Briefly, in the TSST, the test participant is asked to hold a speech and to do an arithmetic task in front of an audience. In the present pilot study, we examined endocrine and autonomic reactivity and habituation to repeated stress provocations using a virtual reality (VR) version of TSST. Th...