gene therapy as a modern therapeutic approach has not yet advanced to a globally-approved therapeutic approach. lack of adequate reliable gene delivery system seems to be one of the major reasons from the pharmaceutical biotechnology point of view. main obstacles delaying successful application of human gene therapy are presented in this review. the unique advantages of non-biological gene carr...

Background Muscle shortening within the lower limbs can be observed in adolescents with either structural or non-structural spinal deformities. Whether or not it is related to the spinal deformity remains unclear. The aim of the study was to evaluate the lower limb muscle shortening in a group of adolescents with structural spinal deformity (idiopathic scoliosis, Scheuermann's juvenile kyphosis...

BACKGROUND Podocyte injury has been implicated in diabetic nephropathy (DN) ranging from normoalbuminuria to proteinuria in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. METHODS To determine whether podocyte structural parameters predict DN risk in initially normoalbuminuric long-standing type 1 diabetic patients, we performed a nested case-control study in sex and diabetes duration-matched progressors (p...

The rigorous proof that a structure crystallizing in any of the 65 Sohncke types space groups is necessarily chiral presented.

We calculate the x-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) modulating the Ba 4d-photoabsorption cross section the giant dipole resonance centered around 110 eV photon energy for several models of spherical and non-spherical Ba@Cn metallofullerene cage systems. In the cases considered, the XANES interference patterns provide clear structural ”fingerprints”, distinguishing between center versu...

background: the safety of rehabilitation centers is of great importance to ensure the well-being of patients. the present study aimed to determine non-structural and functional vulnerability of state rehabilitation centers of tehran city welfare organization in disasters using national standard instruments in 2014. materials and methods: this study has a descriptive and cross-sectional design. ...

Subtype satisfiability is an important problem for designing advanced subtype systems and subtype-based program analysis algorithms. The problem is well understood if the atomic types form a lattice. However, little is known about subtype satisfiability over posets. In this paper, we investigate algorithms for and the complexity of subtype satisfiability over general posets. We present a unifor...