Recurring floods in Asia cause poor crop establishment. Yields decline drastically when plants are completely submerged for a few days. Traditional rice cultivars predominate because they have acquired moderate tolerance to flooding but they carry the penalty of inherently lower grain yields. In contrast, modern high-yielding varieties are highly susceptible to flooding. Cultivars with toleranc...

This paper presents the numerical study on hydrodynamic coefficients of submarine hull form “DARPA SUBOFF” when deeply submerged and near free surface travelling straight ahead at a range drift angles. The Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)-based model was validated with experimental data existing in public domain for SUBOFF, over angles constant speed line speeds. effect behaviour SUBOFF then ...

An analytical solution of the impulsive impact a cylindrical body submerged below calm water surface is obtained by solving free boundary problem. The shape cross section arbitrary. integral hodograph method applied to derive complex velocity potential defined in parameter plane. boundary-value problem reduced Fredholm equation first kind magnitude on surface. field, pressure surface, and added...

Autophagy involves massive degradation of intracellular components and functions as a conserved system that helps cells to adapt to adverse conditions. In mammals, hypoxia rapidly stimulates autophagy as a cell survival response. Here, we examine the function of autophagy in the regulation of the plant response to submergence, an abiotic stress that leads to hypoxia and anaerobic respiration in...

Submergence stress is a limiting factor for direct-seeded rice systems in rainfed lowlands and flood-prone areas of South and Southeast Asia. The present study demonstrated that submergence stress severely hampered the germination and seedling growth of rice, however, seed priming alleviated the detrimental effects of submergence stress. To elucidate the molecular basis of seed priming-induced ...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Reducing damage to rice seedlings caused by flash flooding will improve the productivity of rainfed lowland rice in West Africa. Accordingly, the morphological and physiological responses of different forms of rice to complete submergence were examined in field and pot experiments to identify primary causes of damage. METHODS To characterize the physiological responses, se...

Twenty five Sri Lankan modern rice cultivars were screened for submergence tolerance at seedling and vegetative stages. An experiment was carried out at the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ruhuna, Mapalana, Kamburupitiya, Sri Lanka during May to September, 2011 according to the randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 4 replicates and each replicate contained 20 plants to evaluate sub...

Critical submergence in pumping systems can be determined using a number of calculations, all of which result from heterogeneous geometries based on water. The most widely spread critical submergence formula is that of the Hydraulic Institute. A study, carried out in Germany, looked at eight different formulations used to calculate critical submergence, comparing their results with those of a h...

Earlier work on the submergence-tolerant species Rumex palustris revealed that leaf anatomical and morphological changes induced by submergence enhance underwater gas exchange considerably. Here, the hypothesis is tested that these plastic responses are typical properties of submergence-tolerant species. Submergence-induced plasticity in leaf mass area (LMA) and leaf, cell wall and cuticle thic...

This paper presents a numerical study on the hydrodynamic coefficients of DARPA SUBOFF hull when deeply submerged and near seabed. The CFD-based model was validated with experimental data, namely experiments involving BB2 undergoing straight-ahead motion free surface only at drift angles without influence either or used to investigate effects seabed's effect behaviour across range speeds, angle...