The aim of the present study was to elucidate the organization of the interconnections between the subthalamic nucleus and the two segments of the globus pallidus in squirrel monkeys. By making small deposits of tracers in the two segments of the globus pallidus, we demonstrate that interconnected neurons of the subthalamic nucleus and the external pallidum innervate, via axon collaterals, the ...

In this paper, a novel 3D reconstruction of subthalamic nuclei is proposed for recognition and location analysis of subthalamic nuclei in the brain. The method utilizes a region based level set method to segment 2D subthalamic nuclei from two different MRI images. Via the location and registration of two subthalamic nucleus contours, each set of subthalamic nucleus slices from one T2-weighted M...

The basal ganglia play a critical role in controlling seizures in animal models of idiopathic non-convulsive (absence) epilepsy. Inappropriate output from the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr) is known to exacerbate seizures, but the precise neuronal mechanisms underlying abnormal activity in SNr remain unclear. To test the hypothesis that cortical spike-wave oscillations, often considered...

The subthalamic nucleus-globus pallidus network plays a central role in basal ganglia function and dysfunction. To determine whether the relationship between activity in this network and the principal afferent of the basal ganglia, the cortex, is altered in a model of Parkinson's disease, we recorded unit activity in the subthalamic nucleus-globus pallidus network together with cortical electro...

background: non motor symptoms (nms) of idiopathic parkinson’s disease (pd) are a major cause of disability and recognition of these symptoms and treatment is important for comprehensive health care. deep   brain   stimulation   of   bilateral   subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (stn dbs) has been shown to improve motor symptoms in pd and effects on nms are unknown. to investigate the ...

Dopaminergic treatments are associated with impulse control disorders such as pathological gambling in a subset of patients with Parkinson's Disease. While deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus has been reported to reduce symptoms of impulse control disorders in some Parkinson's Disease patients, little is known about its specific effects on gambling behaviour. In this experiment, w...

Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus is an established treatment for the motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease. Given the frequent occurrence of stimulation-induced affective and cognitive adverse effects, a better understanding about the role of the subthalamic nucleus in non-motor functions is needed. The main goal of this study is to characterize anatomical circuits modulated by...

Parkinson's disease involves impaired activation of frontal cortical areas, including the supplementary motor area and prefrontal cortex, resulting from impaired thalamocortical output of the basal ganglia. Electrophysiologically, such impaired cortical activation may be seen as a reduced amplitude of the contingent negative variation (CNV), a slow negative potential shift reflecting cognitive ...

To determine the principles of synaptic innervation of neurons in the entopeduncular nucleus and subthalamic nucleus by neurons of functionally distinct regions of the pallidal complex, double anterograde labeling was carried out at both light and electron microscopic levels in the rat. Deposits of the anterograde tracers Phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin and biotinylated dextran amine were pl...