The west coast of subtropical South America is characterized by a semi-arid climate and very persistent southerly winds that often exhibit a low-level jet structure. The nearly alongshore flow forces coastal and offshore upwelling of cold, nutrient-rich waters, thus supporting one of the most productive marine ecosystems in the world and a wealth of fishery resources. Therefore, the evaluation ...

the pregnancy results of 17337 inseminations carried out in a dairy herd near cairo over a period of 12 years were retrospectively analyzed in relation to environmental temperature and temperature-humidity index (thi). the overall average of pregnancy rates to all inseminations was significantly (p

The pregnancy results of 17337 inseminations carried out in a dairy herd near Cairo over a period of 12 years were retrospectively analyzed in relation to environmental temperature and temperature-humidity index (THI). The overall average of pregnancy rates to all inseminations was significantly (P

Abstract This study examines whether the spread in the climate sensitivity of CoupledModel Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) models also captures the spread in the Southern Hemisphere dynamical response to greenhouse gas forcing. Three metrics are proposed to quantify the “dynamical sensitivity” of the Southern Hemisphere: the poleward expansion of the Hadley circulation, the poleward exp...

Forecasted changes in global climate predict not only shifts in average conditions but also changes in the frequency and intensity of climate extremes. In the subtropics, the passage of extreme cold spells functions as a major structuring force for ecological communities, and can incur substantial losses to biodiversity, agriculture, and infrastructure. If these events persist in the future, it...

Many subtropical and mid-latitude regions are expected to become drier due to climate change. This will lead to reduced vegetation which may in turn amplify the initial drying due to positive feedbacks such as albedo change in response to biome redistribution, an effect rarely accounted for in climate projections. Using a coupled atmosphere-ocean-land model with a dynamic vegetation component t...

The benefits of rooftop greenery systems (such as energy savings, reduction of greenhouse gas emission for mitigating climate change and maintaining sustainable development, indoor temperature control etc.) in buildings are well recognized, however there remains very little research conducted for quantifying the benefits in subtropical climates such as in Australia. This study mainly focuses on...

The seasonal concentrations of dissolved oxygen in a subtropical deep reservoir were studied over a period of one year. The study site was the Feitsui Reservoir in Taiwan. It is a dam-constructed reservoir with a surface area of 10.24 km(2) and a mean depth of 39.6 m, with a maximum depth of 113.5 m near the dam. It was found that certain weather and climate events, such as typhoons in summer a...

Large-eddy simulation (LES) of clouds has the potential to resolve a central question in climate dynamics, namely, how subtropical marine boundary layer (MBL) clouds respond to global warming. However, large-scale processes need to be prescribed or represented parameterically in the limited-area LES domains. It is important that the representation of large-scale processes satisfies constraints ...

Global warming and anthropogenic disturbances significantly influence the biosphere, tremendously increasing species extinction rates. In Central Alabama, we analyzed Drosophilidae species composition change nearly 100 years after the previous survey. We found ten Drosophilid species that were not reported during the last major biodiversity studies, two of which are invasive pests. In addition,...