Population aging coupled with heightened consumerism among those using the health care system have increased public and research interest in menopause. Despite these trends, we know little about the process of menstrual cessation. This paper reviews previous claims regarding secular trends in menopausal age by considering how menstrual cessations differ by type: (1) that due to surgical interve...

BACKGROUND We examined whether type of menopause affects sex differences in coronary heart disease (CHD) events and whether the impact is similar in blacks and whites. METHODS AND RESULTS Participants were enrolled in the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) cohort between 2003 and 2007 without CHD at baseline (n=23 086). Cox regression models were used to calcula...

Background: The effect of ovariectomy and accompanying sudden loss of circulating gonad hormones on spatial learning performance in the young adult rats was examined. We hypothesized that spatial learning and memory in a considerable number of women who undergo a surgical menopause and estrogen deprivation before their natural menopause be impaired. Methods: In this study, we used 26 Wistar ra...

Salt sensitivity of blood pressure is associated with an elevated risk of developing hypertension (HTN) and is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The prevalence of HTN increases after menopause. The aim of this study was to investigate prospectively whether the loss of ovarian hormones increases the occurrence of salt sensitivity among healthy premenopausal women. We enrolle...

background: bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy in women may lead to metabolic consequences in patients. this study was performed to determine the glucose tolerance and lipid profile after menopause resulting from bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. methods: from september 2011 to march 2013, 31 women participants aged 46-52 years who underwent hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy for beni...

BACKGROUND Endometriosis is characterized by the presence of ectopic endometrial tissue that might lead to many distressing and debilitating symptoms. Despite available studies supporting standard hormone therapy for women with endometriosis and post-surgical menopause, there is still a concern that estrogens may induce a recurrence of the disease and its symptoms. OBJECTIVES This review aime...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine whether older postmenopausal women with a history of bilateral oophorectomy before natural menopause (surgical menopause) have a higher risk of nonvertebral postmenopausal fracture than women with natural menopause. METHODS We used 21 years of prospectively collected incident fracture data from the ongoing Study of Osteoporotic Fractures, a coh...

BackgroundSurgical menopause is the emergency procedure to be carried out in a woman when it essential due reproductive pathology. The post-surgical consequences should monitored and controlled effectively with various intervention protocols. Cognitive-behavioral therapy one of commendable protocols improve emotional social profile women surgical menopause.ObjectiveTo find effectiveness Cogniti...