In two simulation studies, we compare the attention learning predictions of three well-known adaptive network models of category learning: ALCOVE, RASHNL, and SUSTAIN. The simulation studies use novel stimulus structures designed to explore the effects of predictor diagnosticity and independence, and differentiate the models regarding their tendencies to learn simple rules versus exemplar-based...

This purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between affect perception and attention using Mirsky’s (1991) four-factor model of attention with a sample of 55 persons with chronic schizophrenia. Mirsky’s four-factor model postulates that attention is based on four independent factors labeled (1) Shift, (2) Sustain, (3) Focus-Execute, and (4) Encode. It has been argued that deficits ...

SUSTAIN (Supervised and Unsupervised STratified Adaptive Incremental Network) is a network model of human category learning. SUSTAIN is a three layer model where learning between the first two layers is unsupervised, while learning between the top two layers is supervised. SUSTAIN clusters inputs in an unsupervised fashion until it groups input patterns inappropriately (as signaled by the super...

BACKGROUND Time change (which can lead to sleep duration decrements) can lead to brain dysfunction if repeated. In the present study, cognitive functions of the volunteers were evaluated before and after the time changes in Tehran. METHODS Eleven, voluntary healthy persons (21±2 year old) were evaluated for their cognitive functions including sustain attention, reaction time, and mental fatig...

SUSTAIN (Supervised and Unsupervised STratified Adaptive Incremental Network) is a network model of human category learning. SUSTAIN is a three layer model where learning between the first two layers is unsupervised, while learning between the top two layers is supervised. SUSTAIN clusters inputs in an unsupervised fashion until it groups input patterns inappropriately (as signaled by the super...

aim and back ground: impulsivity and risky decision making is a core element of plenty of individual and social deficits. on the other hand, history of attention deficit disorder and hyperactivity has been reported in many people with these problem particularly addiction. decision making requires basic cognition function such as inhibition, working memory and attention. the aim of the current s...

Several mouse models of Alzheimer's disease (AD) with abundant β-amyloid and/or aberrantly phosphorylated tau develop memory impairments. However, multiple non-mnemonic cognitive domains such as attention and executive control are also compromised early in AD individuals. Currently, it is unclear whether mutations in the β-amyloid precursor protein (APP) and tau are sufficient to cause similar,...

A recent study shows that a relatively short period of cognitive training can improve infants’ ability to sustain and flexibly deploy attention. Thus, it appears important aspects of cognition can be modified using ‘brain-training’ techniques at an early age.

Although selective attention allocation has been suggested to be one of the most important processes implemented in the recent computational models of category learning (e.g., Kruschke, 1992), the models’ predictions on attention allocation have been virtually ignored by cognitive modeling researchers. Rather almost all modeling studies had focused solely on the models’ capabilities in reproduc...