Bandwidth services as they have evolved over the last years can increasingly be seen as a commodity. Multiple network operators have comparable offerings and compete for customers. This fuelled the foundation of bandwidth brokerage and bandwidth trading companies in the late 90s. Unfortunately, their business models where not very successful in the past. Besides the overall economic weakness at...

We discuss automatic switched optical/transport networks (ASON/ASTN [1][2]) with respect to cost structures. Based on the application of the value chain model of Michael Porter [3] to network operators' processes and activities, we elaborate on the advantages of automation using standardized network interfaces and a decentralized control plane. Furthermore, new business opportunities enabled by...

Synchronization of a complex network with switched coupling is considered. In particular, we establish a simple method to obtain a proper coupling strength for the network. Via switched system theory, with this coupling strength, we achieve synchronization of the network without requiring synchronizability of all possible configurations. First, we convert the network into a switched system with...

In the problem of Online Call Admission in Optical Networks, briefly called Oca, we are given a graph G = (V,E) together with a set of wavelengths W and a finite sequence σ = r1, r2, . . . of calls which arrive in an online fashion. Each call rj specifies a pair of nodes to be connected and an integral demand indicating the number of required lightpaths. A lightpath is a path in G together with...

Novel common-mode feedback circuits are proposed for use in pseudo-differential switched-capacitor circuits. They can be implemented by incorporating just four additional capacitors (and switches) for an integrator, and only two additional capacitors for a residue gain amplifier. The circuits are applicable to very low-voltage switched-capacitor stages realized in submicron low-voltage CMOS pro...

in this paper, a new topology for boost z-source inverterbased on switched-inductor cell is proposed. the operating modes of the proposed inverter are analyzed and also a suitable control method to generate the trigger signals of the inverter is presented. having a common earth between the input source and inverter and capability to generate a higher voltage gain by using lower amounts of the d...

With the growth in data traffic, modern MAN networks are moving away from traditional circuit-switched networking technologies towards high-speed packet-switched networking technologies, which support best data traffic, offering high flexibility, cost-effective and easy-installation solution. Circuit emulation service (CES) is introduced in packet-switched networks in order for them to support ...

With the recent IPv6, Power over Ethernet (PoE) and robust hardware designs, Switched Ethernet technology is currently reaching the status of a complete fieldbus system for harsh factory floor applications. However, the investors still hesitate on its field level operation for time critical applications, due to the non-deterministic delays in the closed world of a switched network. The objectiv...