We evaluated the effects of temperature and humidity on thyroid hormones (T4, T3) and thyrotropin (TSH) measured in blood spots dried on filter paper. RIAs for T4 and T3 blood spots were optimized to measure these analytes over the neonatal and euthyroid adult reference intervals. Sensitivities of the T3 and T4 assays were 0.5 and 10 nmol/L, respectively. A blood-spot immunoradiometric assay fo...

BACKGROUND Oral levothyroxine (l-T4 ) supplementation is commonly used to treat hypothyroid dogs. OBJECTIVES Investigate the plasma profile and pharmacokinetics of total thyroxine (tT4 ) after PO administration of a l-T4 solution and its clinical efficacy in hypothyroid dogs. ANIMALS Ten dogs with naturally occurring hypothyroidism. METHODS After hypothyroidism diagnosis and supplementati...

riod. All showed increased TSH (43– 235 mIU/L). Four showed clearly decreased T4 [1.2–23.8 nmol/L (0.1– 1.85 g/dL)]. Another two had T4 concentrations below our cutoff of 30.8 nmol/L (2.4 g/dL), and only one had a T4 concentration within the reference interval [67 nmol/L (5.2 g/dL)]. This is in agreement with literature data that 10–20% of all CH cases with increased TSH concentrations are not ...

in this study, a landrace melon zarde jalali as the scion and commercial varieties of cucurbita rootstocks cv., shintozwa and ferro-rz was used as the rootstock. grafted plants upon commercial varieties of cucurbita with own-rooted and ungrafted at three irrigation levels of 60, 80 and 100% (respectively 4984.32, 6124.82 and 7239.41 m3ha-1) based on total available water depletion with drip irr...

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are widespread environmental contaminants found in seafood and dairy products. PCBs and PBDEs are structurally similar chemicals and affect thyroid hormone function and behavior in children and laboratory rodents. Although coexposure frequently exists, the in vivo developmental effects of combined exposure to PCBs and P...

The influence of puberty on sweating patterns of girls exercising in the heat is not known. Nine- to 17-year-old girls, representing 4 stages of breast development: T1 (n = 21); T2 (n = 22); T3 (n = 25); and T4 (n = 22), cycled for 20 min at 60% in 35 °C. The population density of heat activated sweat glands was higher in T1 vs T3 and T4 and in T2 vs T4. Sweat drop area was lower in T1 vs T3 an...

A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of iron fertilization on growth, yield and quality groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) during kharif, 2016 (June September at instructional farm, Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India. Twelve treatments viz. T1: control (water spray); T2: FeSO4 basal @ 25 kg ha-1; T3: Foliar spray citric acid 0.1% 45 75 day...

UNLABELLED The standard treatment of hypothyroidism (central and primary) consists of thyroxine (T4) administration alone. However, the normal thyroid gland produces a small proportion of triiodothyronine (T3) directly into the circulation. AIM We aimed to study the free T3 to free T4 ratio in treated central hypothyroidism compared with euthyroidism and treated primary hypothyroidism. METH...

PURPOSE Opaque chick corneas become thin and transparent from embryonic day (E)9 to E20 of incubation. Thyroxine (T4) injected in ovo on E9 induces precocious transparency by E12. The present study was conducted to determine whether corneal cells differentially express genes for T4 regulation, keratan sulfate proteoglycan (KSPG) synthesis, crystallins, and endothelial cell ion transporters duri...

BACKGROUND A recent randomized controlled trial suggests that hypothyroid subjects may find levothyroxine (l-T4) and levotriiodothyronine combination therapy to be superior to l-T4 monotherapy in terms of quality of life, suggesting that the brain registered increased T3 availability during the combination therapy. HYPOTHESIS Peripheral tissue might also be stimulated during T4/T3 combination...