purpose : the main ocular manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis is dry eye. lacritin is a secreted glycoprotein of tear and when applied topically in rabbits, it increased the volume of basal tear secretion. so the aim of this study was to compare lacritin level in rheumatoid arthritis (ra) and control group. methods : this cross-sectional study was done on 40 patients with ra and 48 healthy su...

Patients presenting to an eye care professional commonly complain of symptoms related to dry eye syndrome (DES), a multi-factorial condition causing instability of the tear film which can potentially result in ocular discomfort and reduced visual function.1 It is estimated that up to a quarter of individuals seen in an optometric clinical setting report symptoms associated with dry eyes, a stat...

Tear hyperosmolarity is thought to play a key role in the mechanism of dry eye, a common symptomatic condition accompanied by visual disturbance, tear film instability, inflammation and damage to the ocular surface. We have constructed a model for the mass and solute balance of the tears, with parameter estimation based on extensive data from the literature which permits the influence of tear e...

PURPOSE To evaluate the changes of higher order aberrations (HOAs) before and after laser subepithelial keratomileusis (LASEK) and to analyze the influence of tear film instability on HOAs of the corneal surface after LASEK. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 31 patients who underwent LASEK were divided into dry eye (16 patients, 32 eyes) and non-dry eye groups (15 patients, 30 eyes). Unc...

PURPOSE To examine the changes in meibomian gland morphology and ocular higher-order aberrations (HOAs) in eyes with chalazion and its excision. METHODS Seven male patients with previous history of chalazion excision and seven control male subjects were enrolled. Changes in meibomian gland morphology (meiboscores, gland dropout, and shortening) were evaluated by using meibography equipped in ...

purpose: dry eye syndrome is a multifactorial disorder of the tear film and ocular surface that results in eye discomfort, visual disturbance, and often ocular surface damage. studies suggest that the prevalence of clinically diagnosed dry eye syndrome (des) is 0.4%. to 0.5%, which is highest among women and the elderly. the burden of des can be substantial, affecting visual function, daily act...

The understanding of dry eye disease has advanced recently through increasing recognition that the etiology of the condition involves both tear evaporation and insufficient tear production, and that tear film instability and inflammation play roles in the various stages of the disease. Of significance, it has been recognized that lipid layer thickness correlates with tear film stability. The ma...

A 16-year-old girl presented with contact lens intolerance. She was found to have a marked deficiency of meibomian glands in the upper lids and almost total absence in the lower lids. Evidence of tear film instability was found and attributed to deficient lid oil production. A daily wear soft contact lens was later fitted and tolerated.

in this research, the mechanical properties of seven types of nanofilm with differing amounts of silver and silver-clay particles were studied. the elasticity of modulus, tensile strength, toughness, elongation at break, tear strength and color of nanofilms were compared with those of ordinary ldpe film. results showed that the inclusion of nano particles increased the modulus of elasticity, te...