Early life adversities are risk factors for later mood and emotional disorders. Repeated separation of infant marmosets from their parents provides a validated primate model of depression vulnerability, producing in-vivo biochemical and behavioural effects indicative of persistently altered stress reactivity and mild anhedonia. Here we report the long-term effect (in adolescence) of this interv...

Previous psychophysical studies have reported conflicting results concerning the effects of short-term visual deprivation upon tactile acuity. Some studies have found that 45 to 90 minutes of total light deprivation produce significant improvements in participants' tactile acuity as measured with a grating orientation discrimination task. In contrast, a single 2011 study found no such improveme...

OBJECTIVE To assess the effects of social deprivation on survival after cardiac surgery and to examine the influence of potentially modifiable risk factors. DESIGN Analysis of prospectively collected data. Prognostic models used to examine the additional effect of social deprivation on the end points. SETTING Birmingham and north west England. PARTICIPANTS 44 902 adults undergoing cardiac...

humans suffer transient or persistent starvation due to a lack of food intake, either because of fasting, voluntary dieting, or due to the scarcity of available food. at the cellular level it is possible to possess pathological starvation during ischemia and solid tumors. blood provides many nutrients to our cells, and researchers provide these nutrients to cells in culture in the form of enric...

To quantitatively describe the effects of sleep loss, we used meta-analysis, a technique relatively new to the sleep research field, to mathematically summarize data from 19 original research studies. Results of our analysis of 143 study coefficients and a total sample size of 1.932 suggest that overall sleep deprivation strongly impairs human functioning. Moreover, we found that mood is more a...

Monocular deprivation is an experimental technique to study the ocular dominance plasticity during critical period (Hubel and Wiesel, 1963). Generally one eye of an animal is sutured during critical period, and the sutured eye is re-opened after either less than three days (short term) or more than three days (long term). Here we describe a detailed protocol for short-term and long-term monocul...

Balancing the acquisition, allocation and storage of energy during periods of food deprivation is critical for survival. We show that natural variation in the foraging (for) gene, which encodes a cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG) in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, affects behavioral and physiological responses to short-term food deprivation. Rover and sitter, natural allelic variants o...