This paper examines left dislocation constructions in Zulu, a Southern Bantu language belonging to the Nguni group (Zone S 40). In Zulu left dislocation configurations, a topic phrase in the beginning of the sentence is linked to a resumptive element within the associated clause. Typically, the resumptive element is an incorporated pronoun (cf. Bresnan & Mchombo 1987), as illustrated by the exa...

Uncertainty may be taken to characterize in­ ferences, their conclusions, their premises or all three. Under some treatments of uncer­ tainty, the inference itself is never character­ ized by uncertainty. We explore both the sig­ nificance of uncertainty in the premises and in the conclusion of an argument that in­ volves uncertainty. We argue that for un­ certainty to characterize the conclusi...

It is shown that the intuitionistic theory of polynomial induction on positive Π1 (coNP) formulas does not prove the sentence ¬¬∀x, y∃z ≤ y(x ≤ |y| → x = |z|). This implies the unprovability of the scheme ¬¬PIND(Σ 1 ) in the mentioned theory. However, this theory contains the sentence ∀x, y¬¬∃z ≤ y(x ≤ |y| → x = |z|). The above independence result is proved by constructing an ω-chain of submode...

In the publication Growth Platforms for a Competitive Australia, McKinsey & Co. (1995) compared Australia’s relative economic prosperity with those of leading countries such as the United States. The report highlighted that Australia’s GDP per capita is 30 percent behind the best performing country, the United States. Most of this gap is due to lower labour productivity. The report was based on...

This paper provides our first forensic quartz grain surface texture analysis of soils from the southern hemisphere. Sediment and soil samples were collected from a simulated crime reconstruction in the environs of Canberra, Australia, which comprised a murder site, an alibi site and a body deposition site. Following the successful application of quartz grain surface texture analysis from many c...

WEST NILE VIRUS NS3 PROTEASE: INSIGHTS INTO SUBSTRATE BINDING AND PROCESSING THROUGH COMBINED MODELLING, PROTEASE MUTAGENESIS AND KINETIC STUDIES. Keith J. Chappell#, Martin J. Stoermer#, David P. Fairlie, and Paul R. Young From the School of Molecular and Microbial Sciences and Centre for Drug Design and Development, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queen...

Most attempts to train part-of-speech taggers on a mixture of labeled and unlabeled data have failed. In this work stacked learning is used to reduce tagging to a classification task. This simplifies semisupervised training considerably. Our prefered semi-supervised method combines tri-training (Li and Zhou, 2005) and disagreement-based co-training. On the Wall Street Journal, we obtain an erro...

This article presents a system for solving location problems, which is integrated with a WebGIS system accessed via a Web browser and Internet connection. This system is meant to generate the matrix of real distances between clients and facilities. The Optimizer System is applied to the problem of locating collection zones and transmission (facilities), faced by the Brazilian electoral system i...

in this paper, we present some inequalities for the co-pi index involving the some topological indices, the number of vertices and edges, and the maximum degree. after that, we give a result for trees. in addition, we give some inequalities for the largest eigenvalue of the co-pi matrix of g.

in this paper, we introduce the notion of primal strong co-ideals and give some results involving them. it is shown thatsubtractive strong co-ideals are intersection of all primal strong co-ideals that contain them. also we prove that the representation of strong co-ideals as reduced intersections of primal strong co-ideals is unique.